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Primary Aldosteronism: From Genetic Causes to Clinical Guidelines

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Adrenal Disorders

Part of the book series: Contemporary Endocrinology ((COE))

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Abstract

Aldosterone is the major mineralocorticoid synthesized in the adrenal zona glomerulosa and plays a pivotal role in the regulation of intravascular volume and blood pressure. There is growing evidence that chronic inappropriate elevation in circulating aldosterone causes renal, cardiovascular, and other pathologic complications. The dysregulation of aldosterone production, also known as primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. PA is a heterogeneous group of disorders including both sporadic and familial forms. Despite significant progress in the diagnosis and management of PA, until recently the molecular mechanisms leading to inappropriate aldosterone production were largely unknown. The use of next-generation sequencing has resulted in the identification of several somatic and more rarely germline mutations underlying sporadic APA and/or familial PA, and these mutations activate intracellular calcium signaling which is the major trigger of aldosterone production. This chapter focuses on genetics and pathophysiology of PA as well as management of patients with PA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology and Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Kazutaka Nanba M.D. & William E. Rainey Ph.D.

  2. Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Rheumatology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan

    Hirotaka Shibata M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Kazutaka Nanba M.D.
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  2. Hirotaka Shibata M.D., Ph.D.
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  3. William E. Rainey Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Kazutaka Nanba M.D. .

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  1. Div of Endocrinology and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

    Alice C. Levine

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Nanba, K., Shibata, H., Rainey, W.E. (2018). Primary Aldosteronism: From Genetic Causes to Clinical Guidelines. In: Levine, A. (eds) Adrenal Disorders. Contemporary Endocrinology. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62470-9_6

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