Abstract
This paper provides a simple optimization procedure using ATOLL planning tool for Standard Propagation Model (SPM). Measurement campaigns were conducted to collect Received Signal Strength (RSS) data over commercial base stations operating at 1800 MHz. The prediction accuracy of widely used models were assessed. The models provided high prediction errors. The optimization procedure involves the use of Digital Terrain Model (DTM), clutter classes, clutter heights, vector maps, scanned images, and Web Map Service (WMS). A Logarithmic weighting function was used to calculate the weight of the clutter loss on each pixel from the pixel with the receiver in the direction of the transmitter, up to the defined maximum distance. The approach has proven promising by achieving high accuracy and minimizing the prediction errors by 47.4%.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Lempiäinen, J., Manninen, M.: Radio Interface System Planning for GSM/GPRS/UMTS. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2001)
Laiho, J., Wacker, A., Novosad, T.: Radio Network Planning and Optimisation for UMTS. Wiley, New York (2002)
Rappaport, T.S.: Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River (2002)
Parsons, J.D.: The Mobile Radio Propagation Channel, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York (2000)
Clark, R.H.: A Statistical Description of Mobile Radio Reception. BSTJ 47, 957–1000 (1968)
Mishra, A.J.: Advanced Cellular Networks Planning and Optimization 2G/2.5G/3G…Evolution to 4G, pp. 1–12. Wiley, New York (2007). ISBN 13 978-0-470-01471-4
Luebbers, R.J.: Propagation prediction for hilly terrain using GTD wedge diffraction. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 32(9), 951–955 (1984)
Mohtashami, V., Shishegar, A.A.: Modified wavefront decomposition method for fast and accurate ray-tracing simulation. Microw. Antennas Propag. IET 6(3), 295–304 (2012)
Hufford, G.A.: An integral equation approach to the problem of wave propagation over an irregular surface. Q. J. Mech. Appl. Math. 9(4), 391–404 (1952)
Zelley, C.A., Constantinou, C.C.: A three-dimensional parabolic equation applied to VHF/UHF propagation over irregular terrain. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 47(10), 1586–1596 (1999)
Masahara, H.: Empirical formula for propagation loss in land-mobile radio services. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 29(3), 317–325 (1980)
COST 231 Project: Urban Transmission Loss Models for Mobile Radio in the 900 and 1800 MHz band, COST 231 TD (90) 119 Rev. 2, The Hague, Netherlands (1991)
Popoola, S.I., Oseni, O.F.: Performance evaluation of radio propagation models on GSM network in urban area of Lagos, Nigeria. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Res. 5(6), 1212–1217 (2014)
Popoola, S.I., Oseni, O.F.: Empirical path loss models for GSM network deployment in Makurdi, Nigeria. Int. Refereed J. Eng. Sci. 3(6), 85–94 (2014)
Oseni, O.F., Popoola, S.I., Abolade, R.O., Adegbola, O.A.: Comparative analysis of received signal strength prediction models for radio network planning of GSM 900 MHz in Ilorin, Nigeria. Int. J. Innov. Technol. Explor. Eng. (IJITEE) 4(3), 45–50 (2014)
Faruk, N., Ayeni, A.A., Adediran, Y.A.: Error bounds of empirical path loss models at VHF/UHF bands in Kwara State, Nigeria. In: Proceedings of IEEE EUROCON Conference, Croatia, pp. 602–607 (2013)
Faruk, N., Adediran, Y.A., Ayeni, A.A.: On the study of empirical path loss models for accurate prediction of TV signal for secondary users. Prog. Electromagn. Res. (PIER) B USA 49, 155–176 (2013)
Rath, H.K., Verma, S., Simha, A., Karandikar, A.: Path loss model for Indian terrain - empirical approach. In: 2016 Twenty Second National Conference on Communication (NCC), Guwahati, pp. 1–6 (2016)
Al Salameh, M.S.H., Al-Zu’bi, M.M.: Prediction of radio wave propagation for wireless cellular networks in Jordan. In: 2015 7th International Conference on Knowledge and Smart Technology (KST), Chonburi, pp. 149–154 (2015)
Nimavat, V.D., Kulkarni, G.R.: Simulation and performance evaluation of GSM propagation channel under the urban, suburban and rural environments. In: 2012 International Conference on Communication, Information and Computing Technology (ICCICT), Mumbai, pp. 1–5 (2012)
Ibhaze, A.E., Ajose, S.O., Atayero, A.A.A., Idachaba, F.E.: Developing smart cities through optimal wireless mobile network. In: 2016 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Innovative Business Practices for the Transformation of Societies (EmergiTech), Balaclava, pp. 118–123 (2016)
Ibhaze, A.E., Imoize, A.L., Ajose, S.O., John, S.N., Ndujiuba, C.U., Idachaba, F.E.: An empirical propagation model for path loss prediction at 2100 MHz in a dense urban environment. Indian J. Sci. Technol. 8(1) (2017)
Abhayawardhana, V.S., Wassell, I.J., Crosbsy, D., Sellars, M.P., Brown, M.G.: Comparison of empirical propagation path loss models for fixed wireless access systems. In: IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, Spring, vol. 1, pp. 73–77 (2005)
TEMS: Testing, Monitoring, and Analytics Software, Ashburn, VA, USA. www.tems.com
Pitney Bowes: MapInfo Pro. http://www.pitneybowes.com/us/location-intelligence/geographic-information-systems/mapinfo-pro.html
Forsk: ATOLL 3.2.0 Radio Planning and Optimization Software, France. www.forsk.com
Acknowledgment
The authors wish to appreciate the Center for Research, Innovation, and Discovery (CU-CRID) of Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria for partly funding of this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Popoola, S.I., Atayero, A.A., Faruk, N., Calafate, C.T., Olawoyin, L.A., Matthews, V.O. (2017). Standard Propagation Model Tuning for Path Loss Predictions in Built-Up Environments. In: Gervasi, O., et al. Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2017. ICCSA 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10409. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62407-5_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62407-5_26
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-62406-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-62407-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)