Abstract
In the last decades Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam, has experienced a rapid urbanization. This town grows from 2.3 millions of inhabitants in the 1975 until 8 millions in the 2014. Therefore, understanding the land-cover changes is one of the main topics in order to monitor the process of urban development. In this paper we study the urban dynamics of HCMC using two Landsat scenes acquired on June of 1988 (sensor TM) and on February 2017 (sensor OLI/TIRS). We relate our main results with other sources, like demographic data and the participative maps of OpenStreetMap. So, we identify main land cover changes in this period, such as the most important demographic variations within the urban districts of HCMC.
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Notes
- 1.
The ‘dense stacks Landsat images’ are images composed by several bands of previously selected Landsat data. The different years stacked images are created and input to a multi-date composite change detection technique (Schneider 2012), in order to obtain the land cover changes of a studied area.
- 2.
This word results from Indonesian words for village – desa – and town – kota (Mc Gee 1991).
- 3.
After the Doi Moi policy reforms (1986), the government of Vietnam introduced several land laws (‘New Beginning’ in the 1988, ‘Joining The World’ in the 1993, ‘New Future’ in the 2003 and ‘Future and Beyond’ in the 2013) enabling this Country to achieve remarkable economic targets in the last thirty years (Nguyen et al. 2016).
- 4.
The polygon vectors used in the figures of this paper are available in the following sources: (1) for the urban district polygons in Figs. 2, 4, 5 and 13, PUMA (Platform for Urban Management and Analysis), The World Bank, https://puma.worldbank.org/intro/index.php/downloads/25; (2) for the province administrative level in Fig. 2, Global Administrative level, http://www.gadm.org/country.
- 5.
See: ESPA (Earth Resources Observation and Science/EROS Center Science Processing Architecture) on demand interface (https://espa.cr.usgs.gov/).
- 6.
LEDAPS applies Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) atmospheric correction software to Level-1 data products (see the standard parameters in: https://landsat.usgs.gov/landsat-processing-details). All the environmental variables external to the satellite scene (for instance: water vapor, ozone, aerosol optical thickness, digital elevation, etc.) are used, together with Landsat image and input to the Second Simulation of a Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum (6S, see: Vermote et al. 1997) radiative transfer model to generate all the higher-level products.
- 7.
These image elaboration produces the so called “L1T’ Data Type” (to deepen: https://landsat.usgs.gov/landsat-processing-details).
- 8.
Both Landsat 5 and 8 orbits are inclined Westward of 8.2° from a longitudinal line (see: https://landsat.usgs.gov/).
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Author contribution
This paper is a result of the full collaboration of all the authors. However G. Mauro wrote paragraphs 1, 2 and 7, Võ Hoàng Duy wrote paragraph 3, while Favretto A. wrote paragraphs 4, 5 and 6.
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Mauro, G., Favretto, A., Hoàng, D.V. (2017). Demographic Data and Remote Sensing to Monitor Urban Growth: The Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) Case Study. In: Gervasi, O., et al. Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2017. ICCSA 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10406. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62398-6_22
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