Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
PlantLIBRA project has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7 2007–2013) under grant agreement no. 245199).
- 2.
Pregnancy tea : a combination product that contains a blend of herbs such as spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) leaf, raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) leaf, strawberry (Fragraria vesca L.) leaf, nettle (Urtica dioica L.) leaf, rose hip (Rosa canina L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) seed, lemongrass (Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng. var. Motia) leaf, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaf, and lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora Kunth) leaf. This product claims to support a healthy pregnancy and states on the packaging that it is used to “tone the uterine muscles and prepare the womb for childbirth” and is to be used “throughout pregnancy and for a few weeks postpartum.”
References
Anton R, Serafini M, Delmulle L. Traditional knowledge for the assessment of health effects for botanicals—a framework for data collection. EFFL. 2014;9(6):74–80; Lexxion Publisher ed., Germany.
Commission of the European Communities. Characteristics and perspectives of the market for food supplements containing substances other than vitamins and minerals. COM(2008)824 final. Brussels, 5.12. 2008.
Coppens P, Delmulle L, Gulati O, Richardson D, Rithsatz M, Sievers H, Sidani S. Use of botanicals in food supplements. Regulatory scope, scientific risk assessment and claim substantiation. Ann Nutr Metab. 2006a;50:538–54
Coppens P, Fernandes da Silva M, Pettman S. European regulations on nutraceuticals, dietary supplements and functional foods: a framework based on safety. Toxicology. 2006b;221:59–74
Council Directive. 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices. Official Journal of the European Communities L 169/1, 12.7. 1993.
de Souza Silva JE, Santos Souza CA, de Silva TB, Gomes IA, Brito Gde C, de Souza Araújo AA, de Lyra-Junior DP, da Silva WB, da Silva FA. Use of herbal medicines by elderly patients: a systematic review. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2014;59:227–33
EAS (European Advisory Services). Study carried out on behalf of the European Commission, Service contract n. SANCO/2006/E4/018. 2007.
EC Directive. 2001/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 November 2001 on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use. Official Journal of the European Communities L 311/67, 28.11. 2001.
EC Directive. 2004/27/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 amending Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use. Official Journal of the European Communities L 136/34, 30.04. 2004.
EC Regulation. No 178/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety. Official Journal of the European Communities L 31/1, 1.2. 2002.
EC Regulation. No 852/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the hygiene of foodstuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities L 309/1, 30.04.2004. 2004a.
EC Regulation. No 648/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on detergents. Official Journal of the European Communities L 104/1, 8.4.2004. 2004b.
EC Regulation. No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products. Official Journal of the European Communities L 342/59, 22.12.2009. 2009a.
EC Regulation. No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market and repealing Council Directives 79/117/EEC and 91/414/EEC. Official Journal of the European Communities L 309/1, 24.11.2009. 2009b.
EFSA. Scientific opinion. Guidance on Safety assessment of botanicals and botanical preparations intended for use as ingredients in food supplements. EFSA Scientific Committee. EFSA J. 2009;7:1249. Published on 9 September 2009.
EU Directive. 2002/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 June 2002 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to food supplements. Official Journal of the European Communities L183/51, 12.7. 2002.
EU Regulation. No 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Commission Directive 87/250/EEC, Council Directive 90/496/EEC, Commission Directive 1999/10/EC, Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Directives 2002/67/EC and 2008/5/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 608/2004. Official Journal of the European Communities L304/18, 22.11. 2011.
EU Regulation. No 528/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2012 concerning the making available on the market and use of biocidal products. Official Journal of the European Communities L167/1, 27.6. 2012.
Gallo M, Sarkar M, Au W, Pietrzak K, Comas B, Smith M, Jaeger TV, Einarson A, Koren G. Pregnancy outcome following gestational exposure to echinacea. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160:3141–3
Garcia-Alvarez A, Egan B, de Klein S, Dima L, Maggi FM, Isoniemi M, Rbas-Barba L, Raats MM, Meissner EM, Badea M, Bruno F, Salmenhaara M, Milà-Villarroel R, Knaze V, Hodgkins C, Marculescu A, Uusitalo L, Restani P, Serra ML. Usage of plant food supplements across six European countries: findings from the PlantLIBRA consumer survey. PLOS One. 2014;9:e92265; www.plosone.org.
Klaus B, Gherardini M. The Italian ministry of health adopts a decree that introduces a new, common positive list for the use of botanicals in food supplements. EFFL. 2014;9(3):196–7; Lexxion Publisher ed., Germany.
O’Brien P. Regulation of functional foods in China: a framework in flux. Regulat Rapporteur. 2015;12(7/8).
Tsui B, Dennehy CE, Tsourounis C. A survey of dietary supplement use during pregnancy at an academic medical center. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2001;185:433–7
Willers J, Heinemann M, Bitterlich N, Hahn A. Intake of minerals from food supplements in a German population—a nationwide survey. Food Nutr Sci. 2015;6:205–15
Wu C-H, Wang C-C, Kennedy J. The prevalence of herb and dietary supplement use among children and adolescents in the United States: results from the 2007 National Health Interview Survey. Complement Ther Med. 2013;21:358–63
Zhang Y, Fein EB, Fein SB. Feeding of dietary botanical supplements and teas to infants in the United States. Pediatrics. 2011;127:1060–6
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Trovato, M., Ballabio, C. (2018). Botanical Products: General Aspects. In: Restani, P. (eds) Food Supplements Containing Botanicals: Benefits, Side Effects and Regulatory Aspects. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62229-3_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62229-3_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-62228-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-62229-3
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)