Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Simplified Approach for Site-Specific Design Spectrum

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics in Memory of Ragnar Sigbjörnsson (ICESD 2017)

Part of the book series: Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering ((GGEE,volume 44))

  • 807 Accesses

Abstract

The design acceleration spectrum requires site investigations and site-response analyses in accordance with the local seismic hazard. The variability in earthquake source and path effects may be considered using a large number of acceleration records compatible with the earthquake hazard. An important step is the selection and scaling of input acceleration records. Likewise, a large number of soil profiles need to be considered to account for the variability of site conditions. One option is to use Monte Carlo simulations with respect to layer thickness and shear wave velocity profiles to account for the variability of the site factors. The local seismic hazard analysis yields a uniform hazard acceleration spectrum on the bedrock outcrop. Site-specific response analyses also need to produce a uniform hazard acceleration spectrum on the ground surface. A simplified approach is proposed to define acceleration design spectrum on the ground surface that may be considered a uniform hazard spectrum.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abrahamson NA, Silva WJ, Kamai R (2014) Summary of the ASK14 ground motion relation for active crustal regions. Earthq Spectra 30:1025–1055

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ansal A, Tönük G. (2007) Source and site effects for microzonation. In: Pitilakis K (ed) Earthquake geotechnical engineering, Ch. 4. Springer, pp 73–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansal A, Kurtuluş A, Tönük G (2009) Earthquake damage scenario software for Urban areas. In: Papadrakakis M, Charmpis DC, Lagaros ND, Tsompanakis (eds) Computational structural dynamics and earthquake engineering, Structures and Infrastructures Series, Ch.2. Springer, pp 377–391

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansal A, Tönük G, Kurtuluş A. (2011) Site specific earthquake characteristics for performance based design. In: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on geotechnical earthquake engineering, Santiago, Chile

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansal A, Tönük G, Kurtuluş A, Çetiner B (2012) Effect of spectra scaling on site specific design earthquake characteristics based on 1D site response analysis. In: Proceedings of 15WCEE, Lisbon, Portugal

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansal A, Kurtuluş A, Tönük G (2014) Site response from Istanbul vertical arrays and strong motion network. In: Proceedings of 10th U.S. national conference on earthquake engineering, frontiers m of earthquake engineering, Anchorage, Alaska, 21–25 July 2014

    Google Scholar 

  • Ansal A, Tönük G, Kurtuluş A (2015) A methodology for site specific design earthquake. In: SECED 2015 conference: earthquake risk and engineering towards a resilient world, Cambridge UK, July 2015

    Google Scholar 

  • Baturay M, Stewart P (2003) Uncertainty and bias in ground motion estimates from ground response analyses. Bull Seismol Soc Am 93(5):2025–2042

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bazzurro P, Cornell AC (2004a) Nonlinear soil-site effects in probabilistic seismic-hazard analysis. Bull Seismol Soc Am 94(6):2110–2123

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bazzurro P, Cornell CA (2004b) Ground-motion amplification in nonlinear soil sites with uncertain properties. Bull Seismol Soc Am 94(6):2090–2109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bommer JJ, Acevedo AB (2004) The use real earthquake accelerograms as input to dynamic analysis. J Earthq Eng 8(1):43–91

    Google Scholar 

  • Bommer JJ, Scott SG, Sarma SK (2000) Hazard-consistent earthquake scenarios. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 19:219–231

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boore DM, Stewart JP, Seyhan E, Atkinson GA (2014) NGA-West2 equations for predicting PGA, PGV, and 5% damped PSA for shallow crustal earthquakes. Earthq Spectra 30:1057–1085

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borcherdt RD (1994) Estimates of site dependent response spectra for design (methodology and justification). Earthq Spectra 10(4):617–654

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell KW, Bozorgnia Y (2014) NGA-West2 ground motion model for the average horizontal components of PGA, PGV, and 5% damped linear acceleration response spectra. Earthq Spectra 30:1087–1115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cramer CH (2003) Site specific seismic hazard analysis that is completely probabilistic. Bull Seismol Soc Am 93(4):1841–1846

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cramer CH (2006) Quantifying the uncertainty in site amplification modeling and its effects on site-specific seismic hazard estimation in the upper Mississippi embayment and adjacent areas. Bull Seismol Soc Am 96(6):2008–2020

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dobry R, Borcherdt RD, Crouse CB, Idriss IM, Joyner WB, Martin GR, Power MS, Rinne EE, Seed RB (2000) New site coefficients and site classification system used in recent building seismic code provisions (1994/1997 NEHRP and 1997 UBC). Earthq Spectra 16:41–68

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Durukal E, Ansal A, Tonuk G (2006) Effect of ground motion scaling and uncertainties in site characterisation on site response analyses. In: Proceedings of eighth U.S. national conference on earthquake engineering, San Francisco, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Haase JS, Choi YS, Bowling T, Nowack RL (2011) Probabilistic seismic-hazard assessment including site effects. Bull Seismol Soc Am 101(3):1039–1054

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hartzell S, Cranswick E, Frankel A, Carver D, Meremonte M (1997) Variability of site response in the Los Angeles urban area for Evansville, Indiana, and the surrounding region. Bull Seismol Soc Am 87:1377–1400

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang YN, Whittaker AS, Luco N (2010) NEHRP site amplification factors and the NGA relationships. Earthq Spectra 26:583–593

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Idriss IM, Sun JI (1992) Shake91, A computer program for conducting equivalent linear seismic response analysis of horizontally layered soil deposits. University of California, Berkeley

    Google Scholar 

  • Iyisan R (1996) Correlations between shear wave velocity and in-situ penetration test results. Tech J Turkish Chamber Civil Eng 7(2):1187–1199. (in Turkish)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jalayer F & Cornell, A. (2003) A technical framework for probability-based demand and capacity factor design (DCFD) seismic formats, PEER report, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Center, College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley

    Google Scholar 

  • Kottke AR, Rathje EM (2008) A semi-automated procedure for selecting and scaling recorded earthquake motions for dynamic analysis. Earthq Spectra 24(4):911–932

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee Y, Anderson JG (2000) Potential for improving ground-motion relations in Southern California by incorporating various site parameters. Bull Seismol Soc Am 90(6B):S170–S186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGuire RK, Silva WJ, Constantino C (2001) Technical basis for revision of regulatory guidance on design ground motions: hazard and risk-consistent ground motion spectra guidelines, NUREG/CR-6728, prepared for U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Com., Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research, Division of Engineering Technology

    Google Scholar 

  • PEER. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Strong Motion Database, http://peer.berkeley.edu/ 2014.

  • Rathje EM, Kottke AR, Trent WL (2010) Influence of input motion and site property variabilities on seismic site response analysis. J Geotech Geoenviron 136:607–619

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stewart PJ, Seyhan E (2013) Semi-empirical nonlinear site amplification and its application in NEHRP site factors. PEER report 2013/13, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, College of Engineering, University of California, Berkeley

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugito M, Aida ve T. Masuda N (1994) Frequency dependent equilinearized technique for seismic response analysis of multi-layered ground. In: Proceedings of JSCE, J Geotech Eng, 493:49–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Tönük G, Ansal A (2010) Selection and scaling of ground motion records for site response analysis. In: 14th European conference of earthquake engineering, Ohrid, paper no. 1386

    Google Scholar 

  • Tönük G, Ansal A, Kurtuluş A, Çetiner B (2014) Site specific response analysis for performance based design earthquake characteristics. Bull Earthq Eng 12(3):1091–1105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toro GR, Silva WJ (2001) Scenario earthquakes for Saint Louis, MO, and Memphis, TN, and seismic hazard maps for the central United States region including the effect of site conditions, Final technical report to the USGS. Risk Engineering, Inc., Boulder

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsai CCP (2000) Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis considering nonlinear site effect. Bull Seismol Soc Am 90(1):66–72

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Özyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey

    A. Ansal & A. Kurtuluş

  2. MEF University, Istanbul, Turkey

    G. Tönük

Authors
  1. A. Ansal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. G. Tönük
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. Kurtuluş
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Ansal .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of Iceland, Selfoss, Iceland

    Rajesh Rupakhety

  2. Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of Iceland, Selfoss, Iceland

    Símon Ólafsson

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Ansal, A., Tönük, G., Kurtuluş, A. (2018). A Simplified Approach for Site-Specific Design Spectrum. In: Rupakhety, R., Ólafsson, S. (eds) Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics in Memory of Ragnar Sigbjörnsson. ICESD 2017. Geotechnical, Geological and Earthquake Engineering, vol 44. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62099-2_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation