Skip to main content

Refiguring the European Student: Mixed Transnational Feelings

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Critical Analyses of Educational Reforms in an Era of Transnational Governance

Part of the book series: Educational Governance Research ((EGTU,volume 7))

Abstract

The transnational independent learner has become the new hero of the European learning space. In order to describe the mode of existence of the independent learner, an analysis in terms of deinstitutionalization falls short. Such analysis focuses on what disappeared but easily loses out of sight what comes instead. Especially in the case of the independent learner, the risk is taking the proclaimed ambition of liberation and emancipation of the learner from institutional settings for real. The person of the learner is not just what simply appears when the student is liberated from national and institutional frames. It is the carefully measured, calculated, monitored and framed architecture of new learning spaces that allow for recognizing oneself as a person, that is, as someone with specific learning needs. The need for authorization and recognition is part of the learner’s ontological make-up and means that the learner’s mode of existence is susceptible to verification, calculation and tracing. It is argued that this is the present-day manifestation of what Foucault termed as the ‘double bind’; what turns someone into an independent learner is subjecting her at once to governmental intervention.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Acclaim. (2013). Open badges for higher education. Accessible at: http://www.pearsoned.com/wp-content/uploads/Open-Badges-for-Higher-Education.pdf

  • Arendt, H. (1968/1983). Between past and future. Eight exercises in political thought. New York: Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berlin Communiqué. (2003). Realising the European Higher Education Area. Communiqué of ministers responsible for higher education, Berlin, 19-09-2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bologna Working Group. (2005). A framework for qualifications of the European Higher Education Area. Bologna working group report on qualifications frameworks. Danish Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation: Copenhagen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheney-Lippold, J. (2011). A new algorithmic identity soft biopolitics and the modulation of control. Theory, Culture & Society, 28(6), 164–181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crary, J. (2014). 24/7: Late capitalism and the ends of sleep. London: Verso.

    Google Scholar 

  • Decuypere, M., Ceulemans, C., & Simons, M. (2014). Schools in the making. Mapping digital spaces of evidence. Journal of Education Policy, 29(5), 617–639.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Desrosières, A. (2002). The politics of large numbers: A history of statistical reasoning. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (1927/1954). The public and its problems. New York: Holt.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dreyfus, H., & Rabinow, P. (1982). Michel Foucault: Beyond structuralism and hermeneutics. Brighton: Harvester.

    Google Scholar 

  • ECTS User’s Guide. (2005). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • ECTS Users’ Guide. (2015). Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  • Edwards, R. (2002). Mobilizing lifelong learning: Governmentality in educational practices. Journal of Education Policy, 17(1), 353–365.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ESG. (2015). Standards and guidelines for quality assurance in the European Higher Education Area (approved by the Ministerial Conference in May 2015). Accessible at: https://revisionesg.wordpress.com/

  • European Commission. (2001). Making a European area of lifelong learning a reality. Brussels: European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission. (2008). Explaining the European qualifications framework for lifelong learning. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission. (2012). Rethinking education: Investing in skills for better socio-economic outcomes. Communication from the Commission (20.11.2012 COM(2012) 669). Brussels: European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission. (2013). Opening up education: Innovative teaching and learning for all through new technologies and Open Educational Resources. Communication from the Commission (COM (2013) 654 final). Brussels: European Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foucault, M. (1982). Le sujet et le pouvoir. In D. Defert, F. Ewald, & J. Lagrange (Eds.), Dits et écrits IV 1980–1988 (pp. 222–243). Paris: Gallimard.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foucault, M. (1984). À propos de la généalogie de l’éthique : un aperçu du travail en cours. In D. Defert, F. Ewald, & J. Lagrange (Eds.), Dits et écrits IV 1980–1988 (pp. 383–411). Paris: Gallimard.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foucault, M. (2000). Interview with Michel Foucault. In M. Foucault, Power (Ed. By J.D. Faubion. Transl. By R. Hurley et al.) Essential Works of Foucault (Vol. III, pp. 239–297). New York/London, Penguin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hacking, I. (1995). The looping effects of human kinds. In D. Sperber, D. Premack, & A. J. Premack (Eds.), Causal cognition: A multidisciplinary debate (pp. 351–383). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hacking, I. (2002). Inaugural lecture: Chair of philosophy and history of scientific concepts at the Collège de France, 16 January 2001. Economy and Society, 31, 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ISP. (n.d.). Individual study programme. Leuven: KU Leuven. Accessible at: https://www.kuleuven.be/english/education/studyroute/isp Leuven

  • Latour, B. (2005). From realpolitik to Dingpolitik or how to make things public. In B. Latour & P. Wiebel (Eds.), Making things public. Atmospheres of democracy (pp. 14–41). Karlsruhe: ZKM & MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawn, M. (2011). Standardizing the European education policy space. European Educational Research Journal, 10(2), 259–272.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LED. (n.d.). Leer- en Ervaringsbewijzendatabank [Learning and experience certificate database]. Accessible at: http://www.ond.vlaanderen.be/led/index.htm

  • Lyotard, J.-F. (1979). La condition postmoderne. Paris: Les Éditions de Minuit.

    Google Scholar 

  • Open Badges Mozilla. (n.d.). About: Get recognition for learning that happens anywhere. Then share it on the places that matter. Accessible at: http://openbadges.org/about/

  • Readings, B. (1996). The university in ruins. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rose, N. (1999). The powers of freedom. Reframing political thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Rouvroy, A., & Berns, T. (2013). Gouvernementalité algorithmique et perspectives d’émancipation. Réseaux, 117(1), 163–196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ruskoff. (2013). Present shock: When everything happens now. New York: Now. Current.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simon, B. (2005). The return of Panopticism: Supervision, subjection and the new surveillance. Surveillance & Society, 3(1), 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simons, M. (2014). Governing through feedback: From national orientation towards global positioning. In T. Fenwick, E. Mangez, & J. Ozga (Eds.), World yearbook of education 2014: Governing knowledge: Comparison, knowledge-based technologies and expertise in the regulation of education (pp. 155–171). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simons, M. (2015). Governing education without reform: The power of the example. Discourse Studies in Cultural Politics of Education, 36(5), 712–731.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simons, M., Masschelein, J., & Quaghebeur, K. (2005). The ethos of critical research and the idea of a coming research community. Educational Philosophy and Theory, 37(6), 817–832.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stengers, I. (2013). Une autre science est possible. Manifeste pour un ralentissement des sciences. Paris: La Découverte.

    Google Scholar 

  • Virilio, P. (2010). The university of disaster. Cambridge: Polity.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williamson, B. (2015). Algorithmic skin: Health-tracking technologies, personal analytics and the biopedagogies of digitized health and physical education. Sport, Education and Society, 20(1), 133–151.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Young, M. (2010). Alternative educational futures for a knowledge society. European Educational Research Journal, 9(1), 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Maarten Simons .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Simons, M. (2018). Refiguring the European Student: Mixed Transnational Feelings. In: Hultqvist, E., Lindblad, S., Popkewitz, T. (eds) Critical Analyses of Educational Reforms in an Era of Transnational Governance. Educational Governance Research, vol 7. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61971-2_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61971-2_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61969-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61971-2

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics