Abstract
Expansive soil is one of the most devastation types of soil damaging roads, building, and pipe line each year. Various efforts are being done to stabilize the soil and mitigate the damage due to it. Utilization of industrial waste as low CO2 cement is one of the sustainable method for industrial growth. In the present study alkali activated fly ash used as an alternating cementitious material to stabilize an Indian expansive soil. Different combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate were used in terms of Na2/SiO2 ratio. The activator to ash ratios (liquid to solid mass ratio) was also varied with different percentage of class F fly ash percentage. The fly ash is activated with 10, 12.5 and 15 molal of sodium hydroxide concentrations of along with 1 molar sodium silicate solution. The various percentages fly ash (20, 30 and 40%) relatively to the total solids of the expansive soil are used. The activator to ash ratios (liquid to solid mass ratio) was kept between 1 and 2.5. The effectiveness of this binder is discussed in terms of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the stabilized soil after 3, 7 and 28 days of curing. The effect of alkali activation is discussed in terms of stabilization of expansive soil with only fly ash. The mineralogical development of the stabilized expansive soil is discussed through x-ray diffraction analysis. The effect of activator to ash ratio is also discussed. Suitability of alkaline activated fly ash mixture as a grouting material is also ascertained by studying the rheological properties of the grout such as, setting time, density and viscosity and is compared with that of common cement grouts.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Chen, F.H.: Foundations on expansive soils. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam (1975)
Cokca, E.: Use of class C fly ash for the stabilization of an expansive soil. J. Geotech. Geoenv. Eng. 127(7), 568–573 (2001). ASCE
Criado, M., et al.: An XRD study of the effect of the SiO2/Na2O ratio on the alkali activation of fly ash. Cem. Concr. Res. 37(5), 671–679 (2007)
Cristelo, N., et al.: Effects of alkaline-activated fly ash and Portland cement on soft soil stabilization. Acta Geotech. 8, 395–405 (2013)
Desai, I.D., Oza, B.N.: Influence of anhydrous calcium chloride on shear strength of clays. In: Symposium on Expansive Soils, vol. 1, pp. 17–25 (1997)
Duxson, P., et al.: Understanding the relationship between geopolymer composition, microstructure and mechanical properties. Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 269(1–3), 47–58 (2005)
Hardjito, D., Rangan, B.V.: Development and properties of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. Research Report GC 1. Perth (2005)
Mutaz, E., et al.: Evaluation of chemical stabilization of a highly expansive clayey soil. Transp. Res. Rec. J. Transp. Res. Board 2204(2011), 148–157 (2011)
Pacheco-Torgal, F., et.al.: Durability of alkali-activated binders: a clear advantage over Portland cement or an unproven issue. Constr. Build Mater. 30, 400–405 (2012)
Palomo, A., et al.: Alkali-activated fly ashes a cement for the future. J. Cem. Concr. Res. 29, 1323–1329 (1999). Elsevier Science Ltd.
Phani Kumar, B.R., et.al.: Volume change behavior of fly ash-treated expansive soils. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Civil Engineering, vol. 2, pp. 689–695. Indian Inst. of Science, Bangalore, India (2001)
Saylak, D.S., et.al.: Fly ash-calcium chloride stabilization in road construction. Transp. Res. Rec. J. Transp. Res. Board 2053, 23–29 (2008)
Terashi, M., Kitazume, M.: QA/QC for deep-mixed ground: current practice and future research needs. In: Proceedings of ICE Ground Improv. 164(3), 161–177 (2011)
Villa, C., et.al.: Geopolymer synthesis using alkaline activation of natural zeolite. Constr. Build Mater. 24(11), 2084–2090 (2010)
Xu, H., Deventer, J.S.V.: The geopolymerisation of alumino-silicate minerals. Int. J. Miner. Process. 59, 247–266 (2000)
Xu, H., Deventer, J.S.V.: Effect of source materials on geopolymerization. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 42(8), 1698–1706 (2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Parhi, P.S., Garanayak, L., Mahamaya, M., Das, S.K. (2018). Stabilization of an Expansive Soil Using Alkali Activated Fly Ash Based Geopolymer. In: Hoyos, L., McCartney, J. (eds) Advances in Characterization and Analysis of Expansive Soils and Rocks. GeoMEast 2017. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61931-6_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61931-6_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61930-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61931-6
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)