Abstract
Estimates and projections of population are widely used by national governments for two main purposes, namely, to distribute political power or representation and to distribute money to subordinate political jurisdictions. The overall purpose is public planning, and that is, by extension, the use made of estimates and projections by businesses, profit and non-profit organizations, political parties, and others. Estimates and projections are needed for much more than national total populations. They are needed for demographic and socioeconomic groups at the national level and for the principal geographic subdivisions as well. There is a special public need for estimates and projections of population groups that have social and economic characteristics that differ widely from the majority and that, therefore, may require special services from the government or private agencies. A language-defined populations can be such a population group, particularly if it is concentrated in some geographic part of a country.
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Notes
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Canada is among the several countries for which it has been found that first generation immigrants, including most visible minority groups, reach higher educational levels than their native peers not belonging to a visible minority, according to a study by Spielauer (2010). Statistics Canada measures educational attainment in terms of yearly probabilities of educational progression, differentiating between four levels from below high school to university graduation. In an international comparison, nearly all visible minority groups (nonwhites or the aboriginal population) on average reach higher educational levels in Canada than the white population. Spielauer’s study also reveals that the considerable upward educational trend that Canada has experienced in the last few decades has been experienced by all ethnic/linguistic groups and the relative differences between the immigrants and the natives in educational attainment have remained both substantial and remarkably stable over birth cohorts over many decades.
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Siegel, J.S. (2018). Prospective Changes in National Populations and Language-Defined Populations, and Projection Methods. In: Demographic and Socioeconomic Basis of Ethnolinguistics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61778-7_13
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