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Sedentary Behaviour, Diabetes, and the Metabolic Syndrome

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Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Epidemiology and Public Health ((SSEH))

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Abstract

Over the past decade, several reviews have pooled the expeditious accumulation of epidemiologic evidence to indicate that the time spent in sedentary behaviour is a distinct risk factor for several metabolic outcomes. Many of these associations persist after adjustment for important confounding variables (moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and adiposity), with the strongest and most persistent associations seen between sedentary time and type 2 diabetes. Epidemiologic evidence has also shown that the number of breaks in sedentary time have been linked to improved metabolic health. Nevertheless, few examples exist of human experimental models that specifically address the impact of prolonged sedentary time, standing, and low level walking on cardiometabolic health parameters. Those that have been conducted demonstrate that breaking up bouts of prolonged sitting with standing, light, and moderate activity elicit significant benefits upon traditional markers of cardiometabolic health (glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids). This chapter highlights some of the key evidence underpinning the link between sedentary behaviour, type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome in order to reiterate the importance of incorporating reduced sitting time into prevention pathways and public health initiatives.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    IMAGE: The development and Implementation of A European Guideline and training standards for diabetes prevention.

  2. 2.

    HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. The HOMA-IR is used as a surrogate measure for insulin resistance and is calculated as [fasting insulin (mU/mL) × fasting glucose (mmol/L)]/22.5.

  3. 3.

    PPARG2 gene: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma-2; a protein coding gene primarily expressed in adipose tissue.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Leicester Diabetes Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK

    Joseph Henson, Charlotte L. Edwardson, Melanie J. Davies & Thomas Yates

  2. National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK

    Joseph Henson, Charlotte L. Edwardson, Melanie J. Davies & Thomas Yates

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  1. Joseph Henson
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  2. Charlotte L. Edwardson
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  1. Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Michael F. Leitzmann

  2. Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Carmen Jochem

  3. Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany

    Daniela Schmid

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Henson, J., Edwardson, C.L., Davies, M.J., Yates, T. (2018). Sedentary Behaviour, Diabetes, and the Metabolic Syndrome. In: Leitzmann, M., Jochem, C., Schmid, D. (eds) Sedentary Behaviour Epidemiology. Springer Series on Epidemiology and Public Health. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61552-3_8

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