Skip to main content

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: Brainstem and Cerebellar Presentation

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System and Their Mimics
  • 791 Accesses

Abstract

ADEM is a treatable disease, but delay in treatment may cause complications such as axonal loss and further progression of disease, which can be catastrophic, particularly if lesions involve crucial locations such as the brainstem. It is important to recognize that ADEM can present predominantly with brainstem and cerebellar lesions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Lu Z, Zhang B, Qiu W, et al. Comparative brainstem lesions on MRI of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis. PLoS One. 2011;8:e22766.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Pittock SJ, Weinshenker BG, Luchinetti CF, et al. Neuromyelitis optica brain lesions localized at sites of high aquaporin 4 expression. Arch Neurol. 2006;63:964–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Popescu BF, Lennon VA, Parisi JE, et al. Neuromyelitis optica unique area postrema lesions: nausea, vomiting, and pathogenic implications. Neurology. 2011;76:1229–37.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Zaffaroni M, Baldini SM, Ghezzi A. Cranial nerve, brainstem and cerebellar syndromes in the differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Neurol Sci. 2001;22:S74–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Prasad S, Galetta SL. Eye movement abnormalities in multiple sclerosis. Neurol Clin. 2010;28:641–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Frohman EM, Zhang H, Kramer PD, et al. MRI characteristics of the MLF in MS patients with chronic internuclear ophthalmoparesis. Neurology. 2001;57:762–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Desai J, Mitchell WG. Acute cerebellar ataxia, acute cerebellitis, and opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. J Child Neurol. 2012;27:1482–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Ooi MH, Wong SC, Lewthwaite P, et al. Clinical features, diagnosis, and management of enterovirus 71. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:1097–105.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Krupp LB, Tardieu M, Amato MP, et al. for the International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group. International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group criteria for pediatric multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated central nervous system demyelinating disorders: revisions to the 2007 definitions.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Dale RC, Pillai SC. Early relapse risk after a first CNS inflammatory demyelination episode: examining international consensus definitions. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2007;49:887–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Neuteboom RF, Boon M, Catsman Berrevoets CE, et al. Prognostic factors after a first attack of inflammatory CNS demyelination in children. Neurology. 2008;71:967–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gulay Alper M.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Alper, G. (2017). Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: Brainstem and Cerebellar Presentation. In: Waubant, E., Lotze, T. (eds) Pediatric Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System and Their Mimics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61407-6_22

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61407-6_22

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61405-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61407-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics