Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Industrial Applications of Renewable Biomass Products pp 251–264Cite as

Chitosan: From Organic Pollutants to High-Value Polymeric Materials

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

Chitosan is obtained from chitin by partial or total deacetylation. Considering that those polysaccharides could be readily derivatized by using not only the reactivity of primary or secondary hydroxyl groups but also the reactivity of primary amino groups, chitosans are attractive raw materials for different applications, from pharmaceutical products to water treatment. Chosen properly, the modifying agent gives appropriate physicochemical properties to the final products for the above mentioned applications. This chapter briefly summarizes the state of the art of chitosan derivatives for different applications but focuses its use in the treatment of aqueous effluents.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abul A, Samad S, Huq D, Moniruzzaman M, Masum M (2015) Textile dye removal from wastewater effluents using Chitosan-Zno nanocomposite. J Textile Sci Eng 5(200):2

    Google Scholar 

  • Aider M (2010) Chitosan application for active bio-based films production and potential in the food industry: review. Food Sci Technol 43(6):837–842

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anitha T, Kumar PS, Kumar KS, Ramkumar B, Ramalingam S (2015) Adsorptive removal of Pb(II) ions from polluted water by newly synthesized chitosan–polyacrylonitrile blend: equilibrium, kinetic, mechanism and thermodynamic approach. Process Saf Environ Prot 98:187–197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Annadurai G (2000) Design of optimum response surface experiments for adsorption of direct dye on chitosan. Bioprocess Eng 23(5):451–455

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ansorena MR, Marcovich NE, Roura SI (2011) Impact of edible coatings and mild heat shocks on quality of minimally processed broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) during refrigerated storage. Postharvest Biol Technol 59(1):53–63

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey SE, Olin TJ, Bricka RM, Adrian DD (1999) A review of potentially low-cost sorbents for heavy metals. Water Res 33(11):2469–2479

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balázs N, Sipos P (2007) Limitations of pH-potentiometric titration for the determination of the degree of deacetylation of chitosan. Carbohydr Res 342(1):124–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barakat MA (2011) New trends in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Arab J Chem 4(4):361–377

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barry-Ryan C, Pacussi JM, O'Beirne D (2000) Quality of shredded carrots as affected by packaging film and storage temperature. J Food Sci 65(4):726–730

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bassi R, Prasher SO, Simpson BK (2000) Removal of selected metal ions from aqueous solutions using chitosan flakes. Sep Sci Technol 35(4):547–560

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bernkop-Schnürch A, Dünnhaupt S (2012) Chitosan-based drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 81(3):463–469

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhatnagar A, Sillanpää M (2009) Applications of chitin- and chitosan-derivatives for the detoxification of water and wastewater – a short review. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 152(1–2):26–38

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhatt R, Sreedhar B, Padmaja P (2015) Adsorption of chromium from aqueous solutions using crosslinked chitosan–diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid. Int J Biol Macromol 74:458–466

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhise KS, Dhumal RS, Paradkar AR, Kadam SS (2008) Effect of drying methods on swelling, erosion and drug release from chitosan–naproxen sodium complexes. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech 9(1):1–12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boddu VM, Abburi K, Talbott JL, Smith ED, Haasch R (2008) Removal of arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) from aqueous medium using chitosan-coated biosorbent. Water Res 42(3):633–642

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown MA, Daya MR, Worley JA (2009) Experience with chitosan dressings in a civilian EMS system. J Emerg Med 37(1):1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cestari AR, Vieira EFS, Tavares AMG, Bruns RE (2008) The removal of the indigo carmine dye from aqueous solutions using cross-linked chitosan – evaluation of adsorption thermodynamics using a full factorial design. J Hazard Mater 153(1–2):566–574

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chang M-Y, Juang R-S (2004) Adsorption of tannic acid, humic acid, and dyes from water using the composite of chitosan and activated clay. J Colloid Interface Sci 278(1):18–25

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee S, Chatterjee S, Chatterjee BP, Guha AK (2007) Adsorptive removal of congo red, a carcinogenic textile dye by chitosan hydrobeads: binding mechanism, equilibrium and kinetics. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 299(1–3):146–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee A, Das D, Chakraborti D (1993) A study of ground water contamination by arsenic in the residential area of behala, calcutta due to industrial pollution. Environ Pollut 80(1):57–65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chien P-J, Sheu F, Yang F-H (2007) Effects of edible chitosan coating on quality and shelf life of sliced mango fruit. J Food Eng 78(1):225–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chui VWD, Mok KW, Ng CY, Luong BP, Ma KK (1996) Removal and recovery of copper(II), chromium(III), and nickel(II) from solutions using crude shrimp chitin packed in small columns. Environ Int 22(4):463–468

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Costa M (1997) Toxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr(VI) in animal models and humans. Crit Rev Toxicol 27(5):431–442

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crini G (2006) Non-conventional low-cost adsorbents for dye removal: a review. Bioresour Technol 97(9):1061–1085

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Croisier F, Jérôme C (2013) Chitosan-based biomaterials for tissue engineering. Eur Polym J 49(4):780–792

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Devlin JJ, Kircher S, Kozen BG, Littlejohn LF, Johnson AS (2011) Comparison of ChitoFlex®, CELOX™, and QuikClot® in control of hemorrhage. J Emerg Med 41(3):237–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Pierro P, Sorrentino A, Mariniello L, Giosafatto CVL, Porta R (2011) Chitosan/whey protein film as active coating to extend ricotta cheese shelf-life. Food Sci Technol 44(10):2324–2327

    Google Scholar 

  • Duan J, Wu R, Strik BC, Zhao Y (2011) Effect of edible coatings on the quality of fresh blueberries (Duke and Elliott) under commercial storage conditions. Postharvest Biol Technol 59(1):71–79

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elsabee MZ, Abdou ES (2013) Chitosan based edible films and coatings: a review. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 33(4):1819–1841

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elsabee MZ, Abdou ES, Nagy KSA, Eweis M (2008) Surface modification of polypropylene films by chitosan and chitosan/pectin multilayer. Carbohydr Polym 71(2):187–195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Esmaeili A, Khoshnevisan N (2016) Optimization of process parameters for removal of heavy metals by biomass of Cu and Co-doped alginate-coated chitosan nanoparticles. Bioresour Technol 218:650–658

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fan W, Sun J, Chen Y, Qiu J, Zhang Y, Chi Y (2009) Effects of chitosan coating on quality and shelf life of silver carp during frozen storage. Food Chem 115(1):66–70

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerente C, Lee VKC, Cloirec PL, McKay G (2007) Application of chitosan for the removal of metals from wastewaters by adsorption—mechanisms and models review. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 37(1):41–127

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guibal E (2004) Interactions of metal ions with chitosan-based sorbents: a review. Sep Purif Technol 38(1):43–74

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta VK, Suhas (2009) Application of low-cost adsorbents for dye removal – a review. J Environ Econ Manag 90(8):2313–2342

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta S, Vyas SP (2010) Carbopol/chitosan based pH triggered in situ gelling system for ocular delivery of timolol maleate. Sci Pharm 78(4):959–976

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamed I, Özogul F, Regenstein JM (2016) Industrial applications of crustacean by-products (chitin, chitosan, and chitooligosaccharides): a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 48:40–50

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hernandez-Munoz P, Almenar E, Valle VD, Velez D, Gavara R (2008) Effect of chitosan coating combined with postharvest calcium treatment on strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) quality during refrigerated storage. Food Chem 110(2):428–435

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Igberase E, Osifo P (2015) Equilibrium, kinetic, thermodynamic and desorption studies of cadmium and lead by polyaniline grafted cross-linked chitosan beads from aqueous solution. J Ind Eng Chem 26:340–347

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jayakumar R, Prabaharan M, Sudheesh Kumar PT, Nair SV, Tamura H (2011) Biomaterials based on chitin and chitosan in wound dressing applications. Biotechnol Adv 29(3):322–337

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jintapattanakit A, Junyaprasert VB, Kissel T (2009) The role of mucoadhesion of trimethyl chitosan and PEGylated trimethyl chitosan nanocomplexes in insulin uptake. J Pharm Sci 98(12):4818–4830

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kerch G (2015) Chitosan films and coatings prevent losses of fresh fruit nutritional quality: a review. Trends Food Sci Technol 46(2):159–166

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kwok KCM, Koong LF, Chen G, McKay G (2014) Mechanism of arsenic removal using chitosan and nanochitosan. J Colloid Interface Sci 416:1–10

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kyzas G, Bikiaris D (2015) Recent modifications of chitosan for adsorption applications: a critical and systematic review. Mar Drugs 13(1):312

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee M-Y, Hong K-J, Shin-Ya Y, Kajiuchi T (2005) Adsorption of hexavalent chromium by chitosan-based polymeric surfactants. J Appl Polym Sci 96(1):44–50

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levengood SKL, Zhang M (2014) Chitosan-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2(21):3161–3184

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li P, Barth MM (1998) Impact of edible coatings on nutritional and physiological changes in lightly-processed carrots. Postharvest Biol Technol 14(1):51–60

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li T, Geng B, Zhang N, Jin Z, Qi X (2009) Hexavalent chromium removal from water using chitosan-Fe 0 nanoparticles. J Phys Conf Ser 188(1):012057

    Google Scholar 

  • Liao C-M, Liang H-M, Chen B-C, Singh S, Tsai J-W, Chou Y-H, Lin W-T (2005) Dynamical coupling of PBPK/PD and AUC-based toxicity models for arsenic in tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus from blackfoot disease area in Taiwan. Environ Pollut 135(2):221–233

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu B, Chen W, Peng X, Cao Q, Wang Q, Wang D, Meng X, Yu G (2016) Biosorption of lead from aqueous solutions by ion-imprinted tetraethylenepentamine modified chitosan beads. Int J Biol Macromol 86:562–569

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luo Y, Teng Z, Wang X, Wang Q (2013) Development of carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel beads in alcohol-aqueous binary solvent for nutrient delivery applications. Food Hydrocoll 31(2):332–339

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Madihally SV, Matthew HWT (1999) Porous chitosan scaffolds for tissue engineering. Biomaterials 20(12):1133–1142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malarvizhi R, Venkateswarlu Y, Ravi babu V, Syghana Begum S (2010) Studies on removal of chromium (VI) from water using chitosan coated <em>Cyperus pangorei</em>. Water Sci Technol 62(10):2435–2441

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maqbool M, Ali A, Ramachandran S, Smith DR, Alderson PG (2010) Control of postharvest anthracnose of banana using a new edible composite coating. Crop Prot 29(10):1136–1141

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mazumder DNG, Ghosh A, Majumdar KK, Ghosh N, Saha C, Mazumder RNG (2010) Arsenic contamination of ground water and its health impact on population of district of Nadia, West Bengal, India. Indian J Community Med 35(2):331–338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mujeeb Rahman P, Abdul Mujeeb VM, Muraleedharan K, Thomas SK (2016) Chitosan/nano ZnO composite films: enhanced mechanical, antimicrobial and dielectric properties. Arabian J Chem. In press

    Google Scholar 

  • Nickson R, McArthur J, Burgess W, Ahmed KM, Ravenscroft P, Rahmann M (1998) Arsenic poisoning of Bangladesh groundwater. Nature 395(6700):338–338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nilsen-Nygaard J, Strand S, Vårum K, Draget K, Nordgård C (2015) Chitosan: gels and interfacial properties. Polymers 7(3):552

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pavinatto FJ, Caseli L, Oliveira ON (2010) Chitosan in nanostructured thin films. Biomacromolecules 11(8):1897–1908

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pen LT, Jiang YM (2003) Effects of chitosan coating on shelf life and quality of fresh-cut Chinese water chestnut. Food Sci Technol 36(3):359–364

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prado AGS, Torres JD, Faria EA, Dias SCL (2004) Comparative adsorption studies of indigo carmine dye on chitin and chitosan. J Colloid Interface Sci 277(1):43–47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qi H, Hu W, Jiang A, Tian M, Li Y (2011) Extending shelf-life of fresh-cut ‘Fuji’ apples with chitosan-coatings. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol 12(1):62–66

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Qin C, Du Y, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Xiao L, Shi X (2003) Adsorption of chromium (VI) on a novel quaternized chitosan resin. J Appl Polym Sci 90(2):505–510

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rahim M, Mas Haris MRH (2015) Application of biopolymer composites in arsenic removal from aqueous medium: a review. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 8(2):255–263

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rinaudo M (2006) Chitin and chitosan: properties and applications. Prog Polym Sci 31(7):603–632

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rojas G, Silva J, Flores JA, Rodriguez A, Ly M, Maldonado H (2005) Adsorption of chromium onto cross-linked chitosan. Sep Purif Technol 44(1):31–36

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosa S, Laranjeira MCM, Riela HG, Fávere VT (2008) Cross-linked quaternary chitosan as an adsorbent for the removal of the reactive dye from aqueous solutions. J Hazard Mater 155(1–2):253–260

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rossi E, Errea MI, de Cortalezzi MMF, Stripeikis J (2017) Selective determination of Cr (VI) by on-line solid phase extraction FI-SPE-FAAS using an ion exchanger resin as sorbent: an improvement treatment of the analytical signal. Microchem J 130:88–92

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sabbatini P, Yrazu F, Rossi F, Thern G, Marajofsky A, Fidalgo de Cortalezzi MM (2010) Fabrication and characterization of iron oxide ceramic membranes for arsenic removal. Water Res 44(19):5702–5712

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakkayawong N, Thiravetyan P, Nakbanpote W (2005) Adsorption mechanism of synthetic reactive dye wastewater by chitosan. J Colloid Interface Sci 286(1):36–42

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sathivel S, Liu Q, Huang J, Prinyawiwatkul W (2007) The influence of chitosan glazing on the quality of skinless pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) fillets during frozen storage. J Food Eng 83(3):366–373

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma G, Naushad M, Al-Muhtaseb AH, Kumar A, Khan MR, Kalia S, Shweta BM, Sharma A (2017) Fabrication and characterization of chitosan-crosslinked-poly(alginic acid) nanohydrogel for adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) metal ion from aqueous medium. Int J Biol Macromol 95:484–493

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sun W, Mao S, Wang Y, Junyaprasert VB, Zhang T, Na L, Wang J (2010) Bioadhesion and oral absorption of enoxaparin nanocomplexes. Int J Pharm 386(1–2):275–281

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vakili M, Rafatullah M, Salamatinia B, Abdullah AZ, Ibrahim MH, Tan KB, Gholami Z, Amouzgar P (2014) Application of chitosan and its derivatives as adsorbents for dye removal from water and wastewater: a review. Carbohydr Polym 113:115–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Varma AJ, Deshpande SV, Kennedy JF (2004) Metal complexation by chitosan and its derivatives: a review. Carbohydr Polym 55(1):77–93

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volesky B (2001) Detoxification of metal-bearing effluents: biosorption for the next century. Hydrometallurgy 59(2–3):203–216

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vu KD, Hollingsworth RG, Leroux E, Salmieri S, Lacroix M (2011) Development of edible bioactive coating based on modified chitosan for increasing the shelf life of strawberries. Food Res Int 44(1):198–203

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wan Ngah WS, Ab Ghani S, Hoon LL (2002) Comparative adsorption of lead(II) on flake and bead-types of chitosan. J Chin Chem Soc 49(4):625–628

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wedmore I, McManus JG, Pusateri AE, Holcomb JB (2006) A special report on the chitosan-based hemostatic dressing: experience in current combat operations. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 60(3):655–658

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Welch AH, Westjohn DB, Helsel DR, Wanty RB (2000) Arsenic in ground water of the United States: occurrence and geochemistry. Ground Water 38(4):589–604

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Whitacre DM (2014) Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology. vol 233. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland

    Google Scholar 

  • Wong YC, Szeto YS, Cheung WH, McKay G (2004) Adsorption of acid dyes on chitosan – equilibrium isotherm analyses. Process Biochem 39(6):695–704

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xing Y, Li X, Xu Q, Jiang Y, Yun J, Li W (2010) Effects of chitosan-based coating and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on browning and shelf life of fresh-cut lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera Gaerth). Innovative Food Sci Emerg Technol 11(4):684–689

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang L, Zeng Y, Cheng Z (2016) Removal of heavy metal ions using chitosan and modified chitosan: a review. J Mol Liq 214:175–191

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

The authors acknowledge Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA) for financial support. Ezequiel Rossi has a fellowship from CONICET.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Silvia Nair Goyanes and Norma Beatriz D’Accorso contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), Avda. Eduardo Madero 399, 1106, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    María I. Errea

  2. Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA), CONICET, Avda. Eduardo Madero 399, 1106, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Ezequiel Rossi

  3. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, Laboratorio de Polímeros y Materiales Compuestos (LP&MC), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Silvia Nair Goyanes

  4. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-UBA, Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Silvia Nair Goyanes

  5. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Norma Beatriz D’Accorso

  6. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-UBA, Centro de Investigación en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Norma Beatriz D’Accorso

Authors
  1. María I. Errea
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ezequiel Rossi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Silvia Nair Goyanes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Norma Beatriz D’Accorso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Silvia Nair Goyanes or Norma Beatriz D’Accorso .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, Laboratorio de Polímeros y Materiales Compuestos (LPM&C), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Silvia Nair Goyanes

  2. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Norma Beatriz D’Accorso

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Errea, M.I., Rossi, E., Goyanes, S.N., D’Accorso, N.B. (2017). Chitosan: From Organic Pollutants to High-Value Polymeric Materials. In: Goyanes, S., D’Accorso, N. (eds) Industrial Applications of Renewable Biomass Products. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61288-1_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation