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Introduction to Oral Cancer

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Oral Cancer Detection

Abstract

Oral cancer is the 6th most common type of human cancer with a 5-year survival rate approximately 50%, and its formation occurs in multiple steps. In the majority of cases, a well-established, preventable risk factor is involved. Several potentially malignant disorders precede oral cancer, each of them showing a well-defined clinical presentation. Spotting such precursor lesions should be no challenge to experienced clinicians. The 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) classification system on “oral potentially malignant disorders” is also presented here. Potentially malignant disorders encompass habit associated conditions, immune-mediated and inflammatory disorders, and also conditions that may arise due to solar radiation like actinic cheilitis and also genetic disorders like dyskeratosis congenita. Like in other cancer models, studies have focused on oral cancer stem cell population as the cancer-initiating cells and hidden culprits. Besides tobacco and alcohol, viruses (HPV), nutritional deficiencies, mechanical trauma and galvanic phenomenon, candidal infection, and inherited mutations are now established etiological or synergistic factors that cannot be underestimated in the genesis and progress of oral cancer. This chapter deals with common risk factors and oral potentially malignant disorders.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Sangareddy, Telangana, India

    Prashanth Panta MDS

  2. Department of Oral Medicine/Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Dimitrios Andreadis DDS, PhD

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Correspondence to Prashanth Panta MDS .

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  1. Depatment of Oral Medicine and Radiology, MNR Dental College Oral Medicine and Radiology, Hyderabad, India

    Prashanth Panta

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Panta, P., Andreadis, D. (2019). Introduction to Oral Cancer. In: Panta, P. (eds) Oral Cancer Detection. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61255-3_1

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