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microRNAs, Angiogenesis and Atherosclerosis

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Biochemical Basis and Therapeutic Implications of Angiogenesis

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 6))

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Abstract

MicroRNAs are short non-coding regulatory RNA molecules that control post-transcriptional gene expression and are involved in several physiological and pathological processes in different species, as well-conserved characters. Their dysregulation has been described in various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and acute myocardial infarction. A possible role as novel biomarkers has been proposed for some circulating microRNAs with potential prognostic implications. Though still in their infancy, microRNA-based therapies have been enthusiastically welcomed as innovative treatments. This chapter briefly outlines the role of microRNAs in the diagnosis and prognosis of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease as well as their therapeutic use for patients afflicted with these diseases.

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Abbreviations

ACS:

Acute coronary syndrome

AMI:

Acute myocardial infarction

apo:

Apolipoprotein

CAD:

Coronary artery disease

CV:

Cardiovascular

DGCR8:

Di George syndrome critical region 8

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

EC:

Endothelial cell

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

EPC:

Endothelial progenitor cell

HDL:

High-density lipoprotein

hs-cTNT:

High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T

HUVEC:

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells

KO:

Knockout

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

LNA:

Locked nucleic acid

MAP kinase:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

miRNA:

microRNA

mRNA:

messenger RNA

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

SOCS1:

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1

STAT3:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3

TF:

Tissue factor

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor-β

TRBP:

TAR RNA-binding protein

VEGF:

Vascular endothelial growth factor

VLDL:

Very low-density lipoprotein

VSMC:

Vascular smooth muscle cells

UTR:

Untranslated region

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy

    Elena Cavarretta MD, PhD & Giacomo Frati

  2. Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Annik Lupieri

  3. Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS NeuroMed, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy

    Giacomo Frati

Authors
  1. Elena Cavarretta MD, PhD
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  2. Annik Lupieri
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  3. Giacomo Frati
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Elena Cavarretta MD, PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Divison of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

    Jawahar L. Mehta

  2. Department of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

    Pankaj Mathur

  3. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Cavarretta, E., Lupieri, A., Frati, G. (2017). microRNAs, Angiogenesis and Atherosclerosis. In: Mehta, J., Mathur, P., Dhalla, N. (eds) Biochemical Basis and Therapeutic Implications of Angiogenesis. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 6. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61115-0_17

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