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Diabetes and Exercise pp 109–123Cite as

Sex Differences in Exercise Performance and Exercise Training Among Persons with Type 2 Diabetes

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Part of the book series: Contemporary Diabetes ((CDI))

Abstract

Exercise has long been recommended to improve many health parameters in those with diabetes, including glycemic control, weight management, certain cardiovascular measures, and body composition. Recent research suggests that sex differences exist in baseline exercise levels, exercise capacity, exercise preference, and a range of cardiovascular parameters associated with physical activity. Men with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have more self-reported exercise and physical activity prior to an intervention but are less likely to respond to exercise counseling than women. Both sexes also have different preferences in exercise type. Prior to training, women with diabetes have lower exercise performance (i.e., peak VO2 and/or METs) than men with diabetes. However, after exercise training, women with T2DM tend to have greater improvements in exercise performance while men may have greater improvements in body composition and certain cardiovascular parameters (i.e., diastolic blood pressure recovery, improved heart rate variability). Sex differences in metabolic measures after an exercise intervention are less clear based on current evidence. While sex differences in exercise performance and exercise training are evident, additional research into understanding the pathophysiology and scope of these sex differences in exercise among persons with T2DM is clearly needed. Further understanding of these differences will allow for individualized care and patient-centered exercise interventions in the future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 East Monument Street, Suite 333, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA

    Michael Quartuccio MD, Swaytha Yalamanchi MD, Sherita Hill Golden MD, MHS & Rita Rastogi Kalyani MD, MHS

  2. Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Sherita Hill Golden MD, MHS

  3. The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Sherita Hill Golden MD, MHS

  4. Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Center for Women’s Health Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12631 E. 17th Ave, Mailstop B-180, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA

    Judith G. Regensteiner PhD, MA, BA

  5. Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Rita Rastogi Kalyani MD, MHS

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  1. Michael Quartuccio MD
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  2. Swaytha Yalamanchi MD
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  3. Sherita Hill Golden MD, MHS
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  4. Judith G. Regensteiner PhD, MA, BA
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  5. Rita Rastogi Kalyani MD, MHS
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Correspondence to Rita Rastogi Kalyani MD, MHS .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes and Center for Women’s Health Research, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA

    Jane E. B. Reusch, MD

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Center for Women’s Health Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

    Judith G. Regensteiner, PhD, MA, BA

  3. Clinical and Research Exercise Physiology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Kerry J. Stewart, Ed.D., FAHA, MAACVPR, FACSM

  4. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Aristidis Veves, MD, DSc

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Quartuccio, M., Yalamanchi, S., Golden, S.H., Regensteiner, J.G., Kalyani, R.R. (2018). Sex Differences in Exercise Performance and Exercise Training Among Persons with Type 2 Diabetes. In: Reusch, MD, J., Regensteiner, PhD, MA, BA, J., Stewart, Ed.D., FAHA, MAACVPR, FACSM , K., Veves, MD, DSc, A. (eds) Diabetes and Exercise. Contemporary Diabetes. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61013-9_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61013-9_7

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