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Peripheral Artery Disease and Exercise in Patients with Diabetes

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Diabetes and Exercise

Part of the book series: Contemporary Diabetes ((CDI))

Abstract

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) represents a serious health issue and is estimated to effect up to 30% of the ~23 million US adults who have diabetes. PAD occurs as the result of the development of plaque in the arteries of the lower limbs. The development of PAD can be attributed to a number of factors such as deleterious lifestyle behaviors (e.g., smoking, inactivity); however diabetes is one of the primary risk factors for developing the disease. Claudication is the most pronounced symptom of PAD and is described by patients as pain, aching, or cramping in the muscles of the legs during exertion that is relieved with rest. Claudication typically limits a patient’s ability to walk which ultimately leads to an exacerbation of poor metabolic control of the patient with diabetes. Patients with both PAD and diabetes who limit ambulatory activity have markedly lower functional ability and poor patient-reported outcomes and have an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events and premature mortality. Exercise therapy is a cornerstone treatment option for patients who have both diseases, but it is considerably underused. This is attributed to a number of challenges for providing an ideal exercise prescription given the numerous physical limitations of patients. This chapter will provide a synthesis of the available literature using exercise therapy for PAD and diabetes and will propose future directions for treating patients who have both diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Adult and Gerontological Health Cooperative, School of Nursing, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, 6-138A Weaver-Densford Hall,308 Harvard St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Ryan J. Mays PhD, MPH, MS

  2. Adult and Gerontological Health Cooperative, School of Nursing, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, 5-140 Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Mary O. Whipple BA, BSN, RN, PHN, CCRP

  3. Adult and Gerontological Health Cooperative, School of Nursing, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota, 6-145 Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard St SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA

    Diane Treat-Jacobson PhD, RN

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  1. Ryan J. Mays PhD, MPH, MS
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Correspondence to Ryan J. Mays PhD, MPH, MS .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and Diabetes and Center for Women’s Health Research, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA

    Jane E. B. Reusch, MD

  2. Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Center for Women’s Health Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

    Judith G. Regensteiner, PhD, MA, BA

  3. Clinical and Research Exercise Physiology, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Kerry J. Stewart, Ed.D., FAHA, MAACVPR, FACSM

  4. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Aristidis Veves, MD, DSc

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Mays, R.J., Whipple, M.O., Treat-Jacobson, D. (2018). Peripheral Artery Disease and Exercise in Patients with Diabetes. In: Reusch, MD, J., Regensteiner, PhD, MA, BA, J., Stewart, Ed.D., FAHA, MAACVPR, FACSM , K., Veves, MD, DSc, A. (eds) Diabetes and Exercise. Contemporary Diabetes. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61013-9_22

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