Abstract
Recent research has made it increasingly clear that learning is based on changes in synaptic connections, and these changes in synaptic connections are effected by the products of specific genes which are expressed under specific conditions. Learning, therefore, is the product of a consistent and ongoing interaction between the individual’s experiences and their genetically derived predispositions. This interaction has been termed epigenetics. Epigenetics basically posits that behaviors and experience interact with physiological, cognitive, and emotional predispositions to produce current behavior. Available research suggests that current behavior reflects the accumulation of all these interactive events. A central premise of the NCLT model is that therapeutic learning impacts the organization of operation of the connectome and that the purpose of this reorganization is effective adaption and the automatization of the more adaptive response.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Achard, S., Salvador, R., Witcher, B., Suckling, J., & Bullmore, E. (2006). A resilient, low-frequency, small-world human brain functional network with highly connected association cortical hubs. Journal of Neuroscience, 26(1), 63–72. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3874-05.
Atzaba-Poria, N., Pike, A., & Deater-Deckard, K. (2004). Do risk factors for problem behaviour act in a cumulative manner? An examination of ethnic minority and majority children through an ecological perspective. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(4), 707–718. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00265.x.
Bar, R., & DeSouza, J. (2016). Tracking plasticity: effects of long term rehearsal in expert dancers encoding music to movement. PloS One, 11(1), e147732. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0147731.
Buehler, C., & Gerard, G. (2013). Cumulative family risk predicts increases in adjustment difficulties across early adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42(6), 905–920.
Bullmore, E., & Sporns, O. (2009). Complex brain networks: Graph theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems. National Review of Neuroscience, 10(3), 186–198. doi:10.1038/nrn2575.
Callicott, J., Mattay, V., Bertolino, A., Finn, A., Coppola, R., Frank, J., et al. (1999). Physiological characteristics of capacity constraints in working memory as revealed by functional MRI. Cerebral Cortex, 9(1), 20–26.
Carlson, R. A., & Lundy, D. H. (1992). Consistency and restructuring in cognitive procedural sequences. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 18, 127–141.
Chess, S., & Thomas, A. B. (1967). Behavior problems revisited: Findings of an anterospective study. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 6(2), 321–331.
Cole, M., Reposv, G., & Anticivic, A. (2014). The frontoparietal control system: A central role in mental health. Neuroscientist, 20(6), 652–664. doi:10.1177/1073858414525995.
Elman, J. (1993). Learning and development in neural networks: The importance of starting small. Cognition, 48(1), 71–99.
Fields, D. (2008). White matter in learning, cognition and psychiatric disorders. Trends in Neuroscience, 31(7), 361–370. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2008.04.001.
Fields, D. (2010). Change in the Brain’s white matter the role of the brain’s white matter in active learning and memory may be underestimated. Science, 330, 768–769. doi:10.1126/science.1199139.
McClure, S., York, M., & Montague, P. (2004). The neural substrates of reward processing in humans: The modern role of fMRI. The Neuroscientist, 10(3), 260–268. doi:10.1177/1073858404263526.
Menon, V. (2013). Developmental pathways to functional brain networks: Emerging principles. Trends in Cognitive Science, 17, 627–640. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2013.09.015.
Moors, A., & De Houwer, J. (2006). Automaticity: A theoretical and conceptual analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(2), 297–326. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.2.297.
Nomi, J. S., Vij, S. G., Dajani, D. R., Steimke, R., Damaraju, E., Rachakonda, S., et al. (2017). Chronnectomic patterns and neural flexibility underlie executive function. Neuroimage, 147, 861–871.
Rawson, K. (2010). Defining and investigating automaticity in reading. In B. Ross (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (pp. 185–230). Burlington, NJ: Elsevier.
Rutter, M. (2006). Genes and behavior: Nature-nurture interplay explained. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.
Schmithorst, V., Wilke, M., Dardzinski, B., & Holland, S. (2005). Cognitive functions correlate with white matter architecture in a normal pediatric population: A diffusion tensor MR imaging study. Human Brain Mapping, 26(2), 139–147.
Shell, D., Brooks, D., Trainin, G., Wilson, K., Kauffman, D., & Herr, L. (2010). The unified learning model. New York: Springer.
Thiel, A., Thiel, J., Oddo, S., Langnickel, R., Brand, M. M., & Stirn, A. (2014). CD-patients with washing symptoms show a specific brain network when confronted with aggressive, sexual and disgusting stimuli. Neuropsychoanalysis. doi:10.1080/15294145.2014.976649. Retrieved from http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15294145.2014.976649#.VHVnSMlRaU9.
van den Heuvel, M., Mandl, R., & Hulshoff-Pol, H. (2009). Functionally linked resting-state networks reflect the underlying structural connectivity architecture of the human brain. Human Brain Mapping, 30(10), 3127–3141. doi:10.1002/hbm.20737.
Wasserman, T., & Wasserman, L. (2016). Depathologizing psychopathology. New York: Springer.
What is the connectome. (2014). Retrieved from The Brain Preservation Foundation: http://www.brainpreservation.org/content/connectome
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wasserman, T., Wasserman, L.D. (2017). The Theoretical Basis for Neurocognitive Learning Therapy. In: Neurocognitive Learning Therapy: Theory and Practice. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60849-5_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60849-5_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-60848-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-60849-5
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)