Abstract
It has been realized in the recent years that magnetized disk winds likely play a decisive role in the global evolution of protoplanetary disks (PPDs). Motivated by recent local simulations , we first describe a global magnetized disk wind model, from which wind-driven accretion rate and wind mass loss rate can be reliably estimated. Both rates are shown to strongly depend on the amount of magnetic flux threading the disk. Wind kinematics is also affected by thermodynamics in the wind zone (particularly far UV heating/ionization), and the mass loss process can be better termed as “magneto-photoevaporation.” We then construct a framework of PPD global evolution that incorporates wind-driven and viscously driven accretion as well as wind mass loss. For typical PPD accretion rates, the required field strength would lead to wind mass loss rate at least comparable to disk accretion rate, and mass loss is most significant in the outer disk (beyond ∼ 10 AU). Finally, we discuss the transport of magnetic flux in PPDs, which largely governs the long-term evolution of PPDs.
Notes
- 1.
While the FUV luminosity from young stars is only a very small fraction ( ∼ 10−3) of the stellar luminosity, it is primarily absorbed in the disk surface and the energy deposited plays a dominant role in heating and ionizing the surface layer (e.g., Bergin et al. 2007).
- 2.
In reality, X-rays may be able to heat deeper layers. The situation is discussed in Bai (2016) and it was concluded that this effect does not strongly affect our model results.
- 3.
The value quoted from Perez-Becker and Chiang (2011) corresponds to a vertical column, whereas in our calculation it corresponds to the radial column towards the star. The two numbers differ by a factor of a few ( ∼ 3) depending on the level of disk flaring, though here we have ignored the difference.
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Acknowledgements
I thank my collaborators, Jiani Ye, Jeremy Goodman, Feng Yuan, and Jim Stone for their contribution to part of the works presented here, and an anonymous referee for helpful comments. Finally, I acknowledge support from Institute for Theory and Computation at Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
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Bai, XN. (2017). Wind-Driven Global Evolution of Protoplanetary Disks. In: Pessah, M., Gressel, O. (eds) Formation, Evolution, and Dynamics of Young Solar Systems. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 445. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60609-5_3
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