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Endosymbiotic Bacteria Isolated from Algoa and Kalk Bay, South Africa, as Source of Antimicrobial Compounds

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Abstract

Microbial marine endosymbionts are considered a rich source of secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical, industrial, and agricultural value. This comes after research has shown that the microorganisms harbored by marine invertebrates are likely to be responsible for the production of a significant number of compounds isolated from marine invertebrates. In this study a number of isolated marine bacteria were cultured on different media in order to explore and activate secondary metabolite genes encoded in their genome. The antimicrobial properties were assessed using eight test strains (E. coli 1699 [Cubist Pharmaceuticals], B. cereus ATCC10702, P. putida ATCC27853, M. aurum, S. epidermidis ATCC14990, multi-resistant S. aureus-MRSA-MB5393, A. fumigatus ATCC 46645 and C. albicans MY1055) utilizing well diffusion, agar overlay and high throughput screening (HTS). The strains with interesting antimicrobial profiles were identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Production of secondary metabolites, activation and deactivation were observed under different laboratory culturing conditions. Several strains showed multiple antimicrobial activity either on solid or liquid media. These results indicate the presence and expression of different secondary metabolite pathways under different media composition and confirm the notion that microorganisms associated with marine sponges are a great source of bioactive secondary metabolites.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the University of the Western Cape, the National Research Foundation of South Africa, the Medical Research Council of South Africa and PharmaSea for funding this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Microbial Biotechnology and Metagenomics, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa

    J. K. Mhlongo & M. Trindade

  2. School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa

    D. R. Beukes

Authors
  1. J. K. Mhlongo
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  2. D. R. Beukes
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  3. M. Trindade
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Trindade .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Chem., Fac. of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius

    Ponnadurai Ramasami

  2. Dept. of Chem., Fac. of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius

    Minu Gupta Bhowon

  3. Dept. of Chem., Fac. of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius

    Sabina Jhaumeer Laulloo

  4. Dept. of Chem., Fac. of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius

    Henri Li Kam Wah

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Mhlongo, J.K., Beukes, D.R., Trindade, M. (2018). Endosymbiotic Bacteria Isolated from Algoa and Kalk Bay, South Africa, as Source of Antimicrobial Compounds. In: Ramasami, P., Gupta Bhowon, M., Jhaumeer Laulloo, S., Li Kam Wah, H. (eds) Emerging Trends in Chemical Sciences. ICPAC 2016. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60408-4_20

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