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Neurotoxicity of Metals pp 143–158Cite as

Occupational Metal Exposure and Parkinsonism

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Part of the book series: Advances in Neurobiology ((NEUROBIOL,volume 18))

Abstract

Parkinsonism is comprised of a host of neurological disorders with an underlying clinical feature of movement disorder, which includes many shared features of bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity. These clinical outcomes occur subsequent to pathological deficits focused on degeneration or dysfunction of the nigrostriatal dopamine system and accompanying pathological inclusions of alpha-synuclein and tau. The heterogeneity of parkinsonism is equally matched with the complex etiology of this syndrome. While a small percentage can be attributed to genetic alterations, the majority arise from an environmental exposure, generally composed of pesticides, industrial compounds, as well as metals. Of these, metals have received significant attention given their propensity to accumulate in the basal ganglia and participate in neurotoxic cascades, through the generation of reactive oxygen species as well as their pathogenic interaction with intracellular targets in the dopamine neuron. The association between metals and parkinsonism is of critical concern to subsets of the population that are occupationally exposed to metals, both through current practices, such as mining, and emerging settings, like E-waste and the manufacture of metal nanoparticles. This review will explore our current understanding of the molecular and pathological targets that mediate metal neurotoxicity and lead to parkinsonism and will highlight areas of critical research interests that need to be addressed.

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  1. Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Rd., NE, Claudia Nance Rollins Building, Room 2033, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA

    W. Michael Caudle

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Correspondence to W. Michael Caudle .

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  1. Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA

    Michael Aschner

  2. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

    Lucio G. Costa

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Caudle, W.M. (2017). Occupational Metal Exposure and Parkinsonism. In: Aschner, M., Costa, L. (eds) Neurotoxicity of Metals. Advances in Neurobiology, vol 18. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60189-2_7

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