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Primary Pediatric Brain Tumors of the Posterior Fossa: Part I

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Development of the Cerebellum from Molecular Aspects to Diseases

Part of the book series: Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience ((CCNE))

Abstract

In pediatric neuro-oncology practice, cerebellar tumors are often referred to as infratentorial tumors or tumors of the posterior fossa (a differential diagnosis is provided in Table 1). This anatomic region also contains the pons and medulla, which along with the midbrain comprise the brainstem. In Part I of this comprehensive review, three important pediatric brain tumors usually localized to the cerebellum are discussed (and summarized in Table 2): atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs), pilocytic astrocytomas, and ependymomas. In the companion chapter (Part II), an integrated clinical and molecular overview of medulloblastoma follows. These tumors have been selected, in part, due to their clinical significance as well as recent advances in their molecular genetics and pathological classification. For these entities and others, the histopathologic, cytogenetic, and molecular factors have been integrated into the updated fourth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (Louis et al., WHO classification of tumours of the central nervous system, Revised 4th edn. IARC, Lyon, 2016a; Louis et al., Acta Neuropathol 131:803–820, 2016b).

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Acknowledgments

KF and AH are subspecialty residents training in the Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Fellowship Program, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta. TWO holds a Canada Research Chair in Neuro-oncology and Human Stem Cells. DDE holds the Muriel & Ada Hole Kids with Cancer Society Chair in Pediatric Oncology, supported by the Kids with Cancer Society (Edmonton, Canada) and the University of Alberta (Edmonton, Canada).

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Author notes

  1. Kathleen Felton and Amanda Hogg contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Kathleen Felton MD, MSc, FRCPC, Amanda Hogg MD, FRCPC & David D. Eisenstat MD, MA, FRCPC

  2. Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Biochemistry & Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Lisa Liang BSc, Christopher Aiken BSc & Tamra E. Werbowetski-Ogilvie PhD

  3. Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Christopher Aiken BSc & Tamra E. Werbowetski-Ogilvie PhD

  4. Department of Human Anatomy & Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Thomas Klonisch MD, PhD

  5. Section of Neuropathology, Division of Anatomical Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Frank van Landeghem MD (Dr. med. Habil.)

  6. Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, 8-43B Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2H7

    David D. Eisenstat MD, MA, FRCPC

  7. Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    David D. Eisenstat MD, MA, FRCPC

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  1. Kathleen Felton MD, MSc, FRCPC
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  2. Amanda Hogg MD, FRCPC
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  8. David D. Eisenstat MD, MA, FRCPC
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Correspondence to David D. Eisenstat MD, MA, FRCPC .

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  1. Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, The Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Hassan Marzban

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Felton, K. et al. (2017). Primary Pediatric Brain Tumors of the Posterior Fossa: Part I. In: Marzban, H. (eds) Development of the Cerebellum from Molecular Aspects to Diseases. Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59749-2_15

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