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Understanding the Evolutionary Historical Background Behind the Trajectories in Human Health and Disease

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Trajectory Analysis in Health Care

Abstract

As we approach health problems, we need to think comprehensively from a true systems perspective to consider both proximate and ultimate causation, the how and the why, of given conditions. By Wright’s path coefficients, many present health conditions trace to genetic changes that have developed in response to environmental conditions over hundreds of millions of years. Consequently, many unseen factors impact health, such as the intricately complex Major Histocompatibility Complex and our ability to detect differences between individuals and the evidence that such differences unconsciously can impact our biases toward each other. Trajectory analysis and sensitive dependence on initial conditions involve factors that are immediate and far into the past.

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Abbreviations

ACTH:

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Alu/SINE:

Retrotransposable elements of DNA across the genome

CRF:

Corticotropin releasing factor

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

HIV:

Human immunodeficiency virus

HLA:

Human leukocyte antigen

HPG:

Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonal hormone axis

HPT:

Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid hormone axis

IFN:

Interferon

IL:

Interleukin

LTR:

Long terminal repeat

MHC:

Major histocompatibility locus

OR:

Olfactory receptor

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

VNO:

Vomeronasal organ

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  1. Health Administration, Pfeiffer University, Morrisville, North Carolina, USA

    David W. Hollar

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Hollar, D.W. (2018). Understanding the Evolutionary Historical Background Behind the Trajectories in Human Health and Disease. In: Trajectory Analysis in Health Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59626-6_15

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