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Secondary Metabolites from Higher Fungi

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Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products 106

Part of the book series: Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products ((POGRCHEM,volume 106))

Abstract

Secondary metabolites of higher fungi (mushrooms) are an underexplored resource compared to plant-derived secondary metabolites. An increasing interest in mushroom natural products has been noted in recent years. This chapter gives a comprehensive overview of the secondary metabolites from higher fungi, with 765 references highlighting the isolation, structure elucidation, biological activities, chemical syntheses, and biosynthesis of pigments, nitrogen-containing compounds, and terpenoids from mushrooms. Mushroom toxins are also included in each section.

In a section on pigments of higher fungi, pigments are classified into four categories, namely, those from the shikimate-chorismate, acetate-malonate, and mevalonate biosynthetic pathways, and pigments containing nitrogen, with 145 references covering the years 2010–2016.

In a section on other nitrogen-containing compounds of higher fungi, compounds are categorized primarily into nitrogen heterocycles, nucleosides, non-protein amino acids, cyclic peptides, and sphingolipids, with 65 references covering the years 2010–2016. In turn, in a section describing terpenoids of higher fungi, the sesquiterpenoids and diterpenoids are thoroughly elaborated, spanning the years 2001–2016, and 2009–2016, respectively. The divergent biosynthetic pathways from farnesyl pyrophosphate to sesquiterpenoids are also described. Selected triterpenoids with novel structures and promising biological activities, including lanostanes and ergostanes, are reported from the genus Ganoderma, and the fungi Antrodia cinnamomea and Poria cocos. In addition, cucurbitanes and saponaceolides are also compiled in this section.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People’s Republic of China

    He-Ping Chen

  2. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, No. 182 Minzu Road, Wuhan, 430074, People’s Republic of China

    Ji-Kai Liu

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  1. Division of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    A. Douglas Kinghorn

  2. Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria

    Heinz Falk

  3. Research Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom

    Simon Gibbons

  4. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

    Jun'ichi Kobayashi

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Chen, HP., Liu, JK. (2017). Secondary Metabolites from Higher Fungi. In: Kinghorn, A., Falk, H., Gibbons, S., Kobayashi, J. (eds) Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products 106. Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, vol 106. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59542-9_1

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