Abstract
This chapter takes a bioarchaeological approach to understanding the Chaco Phenomenon by assessing changes, shifting patterns of site complexity, and population demography over time and throughout the San Juan Basin. To accomplish this we cannot focus solely on the biological bodies but also understand the archaeological context in which the bodies were recovered. The value of a bioarchaeological perspective is that it includes an archaeological reconstruction of sites, the mortuary context for burials when it was available, as well as the reconstruction of the demographic profile of the population.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Akins, N. J. (1986). A biocultural approach to human burials from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, reports of the Chaco Center, no. 9. Santa Fe: National Park Service.
Bannister, B., Robinson, W. J., & Warren, R. L. (1970). Tree-ring dates from New Mexico A, G-H. Shiprock--Zuni--Mt. Taylor area. Tucson: Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, The University of Arizona.
Brand, D. D., Hawley, F. M., Hibben, F. C., & Contributors. (1937). Tseh So, a small house Ruin Chaco Canyon, New Mexico (preliminary report). Albuquerque: Anthropological Series, Vol. 2, No. 2, University of New Mexico.
Brooks, S., & Suchey, J. (1990). Skeletal age determination based on the Os pubis: A comparison of the Acsadi-Nemskeri and Suchey-Brooks methods. Human Evolution, 5(3), 227–238.
Brown, G. M., Windes, T. C., & McKenna, P. J. (2008). Animas Anamnesis: Aztec Ruins or Anasazi Capital? In P. F. Reed (Ed.), Chaco’s northern prodigies: Salmon, Aztec, and the ascendancy of the middle San Juan region after AD 1100 (pp. 231–250). Salt Lake City: The University of Utah Press.
Buckberry, J. L., & Chamberlain, A. T. (2002). Age estimation from the auricular surface of the ilium: A revised method. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 119(3), 231–239.
Buikstra, J. E., & Ubelaker, D. H. (1994). Standards for data collection from human skeletal remains. Fayetteville: Arkansas Archaeological Survey, Research Series. No. 44.
Cardoso, H. F. (2007). Environmental effects on skeletal versus dental development: Using a documented subadult skeletal sample to test a basic assumption in human osteological research. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 132(2), 223–233.
Coltrain, J. B., Janetski, J. C., & Carlyle, S. W. (2007). The stable- and radio-isotope chemistry of Western Basketmaker burials: Implications for early Puebloan diets and origins. American Antiquity, 72(2), 301–321.
Eshed, V., Gopher, A., & Hershkovitz, I. (2006). Tooth wear and dental pathology at the advent of agriculture: New evidence from the Levant. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 130, 145–159.
Franklin, D. (2010). Forensic age estimation in human skeletal remains: Current concepts and future directions. Legal Medicine, 12(1), 1–7.
Gaethofs, M., Verdonck, A., Carels, C., & de Zegher, F. (1999). Delayed dental age in boys with constitutionally delayed puberty. European Journal of Orthodontics, 21, 711–715.
Gladwin, H. S. (1945). Chaco branch excavations at white mound and in the red Mesa Valley (p. 33). Globe: Gila Pueblo Archaeological Foundation, Medallion Papers No.
Greenberg, S., & Greenberg, M. (2001). Handbook of neurosurgery (fifth ed.). New York: Thieme.
Greene, M. (2011). Using craniofacial measurements to explore prehistoric genetic relationships in the Middle San Juan Region of New Mexico. (Unpublished M.A. thesis), Eastern New Mexico University, Portales.
Halcrow, S. E., & Tayles, N. (2008). The Bioarchaeological investigation of childhood and social age: Problems and prospects. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, 15, 190–215.
Harrod, R. P. (2012). Centers of control: Revealing elites among the ancestral pueblo during the “Chaco Phenomenon”. International Journal of Paleopathology, 2(2–3), 123–135.
Hillson, S. W. (1996). Dental Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Judd, N. M. (1954). The material culture of pueblo Bonito. Washington, D. C: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Judd, N. M. (1959). Pueblo del Arroyo, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. Washington, D. C: Smithsonian Institution.
Lekson, S. H. (1999). The Chaco meridian: Centers of political power in the ancient Southwest. Walnut Creek: AltaMira Press.
Lekson, S. H. (2015). The Chaco meridian: Centers of political power in the ancient Southwest (second ed.). Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield.
Lister, R. H., & Lister, F. C. (1990). Aztec Ruins National Monument: Administrative history of an archaeological preserve. Santa Fe: Professional Papers No. 24, Southwest Cultural Resources Center, National Park Service.
Lovejoy, C. O., Meindl, R. S., Pryzbeck, T. R., & Mensforth, R. P. (1985). Chronological metamorphosis of the auricular surface of the ilium: A new method for the determination of adult skeletal age at death. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 68(1), 15–28.
Mann, R. W., Jantz, R. L., Bass, W. M., & Willey, P. S. (1991). Maxillary suture obliteration: A visual method for estimating skeletal age. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 36, 781–791.
Marden, K. (2011). Taphonomy, paleopathology and mortuary variability in Chaco Canyon: Using bioarchaeological and forensic methods to understand ancient cultural practices. (Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation), Tulane University, New Orleans.
Marshall, M. P., Stein, J. R., Loose, R. W., & Novotny, J. E. (1979). Anasazi communities of the San Juan Basin. InSanta Fe: Public Service company of New Mexico, Albuquerque. New Mexico Historic Preservation: Bureau.
Meindl, R. S., & Lovejoy, C. O. (1985). Ectocranial suture closure: A revised method for the determination of skeletal age at death based on the lateral-anterior sutures. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 68(1), 57–66.
Minot, C. S. (1907). The problem of age, growth, and death. The Popular Science Monthly, 71, 509523.
Molnar, P. (2011). Extramasticatory dental wear reflecting habitual behavior and health in past populations. Clinical Oral Investigations, 15(5), 681–689.
Morris, E. H. (1924). Burials in the Aztec Ruin (Vol. 26). New York: Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History.
Morris, E. H. (1939). Archaeological studies in the La Plata District, southwestern Colorado and Northwestern New Mexico. D.C.: Washington.
Ogodescu, A. E., Ogodescu, A., Szabo, K., Tudor, A., & Bratu, E. (2011). Dental maturity – A biologic indicator of chronological age: Digital radiographic study to assess dental age in Romanian children. International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering, 1(5), 32–40.
Pepper, G. H. (1909). The exploration of a burial-room in pueblo Bonito, New Mexico. In F. Boaz, R. B. Dixon, F. W. Hodge, A. L. Kroeber, & H. I. Smith (Eds.), Putnam anniversary volume: Anthropological essays (pp. 196–252). New York: G. E. Stechert and Co..
Pepper, G. H. (1920). Pueblo Bonito. New York: Anthropological Papers, No. 27, American Museum of Natural History.
Pérez, V. R. (2006). The politicization of the dead: An analysis of cutmark morphology and culturally modified human remains from La Plata and Peñasco Blanco (A.D. 900-1300). (Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation), University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst.
Pérez, V. R. (2012). The politicization of the dead: Violence as performance, politics as usual. In D. L. Martin, R. P. Harrod, & P. V (Eds.), The bioarchaeology of violence. Gainesville: University of Florida Press.
Phenice, T. W. (1969). A newly developed visual method of sexing the Os pubis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 30(2), 297–301.
Plog, S., & Heitman, C. (2010). Hierarchy and social inequality in the American Southwest, A.D. 800-1200. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 107(46), 19619–19626.
Reed, E. K. (1962). Human skeletal material from site 59, Chaco Canyon National Monument. El Palacio, 69(4), 240–247.
Reed, E. K., & Brewer, J., Jr. (1937). Special report: The excavation of room 7, Wupatki. Coolidge: National Park Service.
Scheuer, L., & Black, S. M. (2000). Developmental Juvenile Osteology. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press.
Stevenson, P. H. (1924). Age order of epiphyseal Union in man. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 7(1), 53–93.
Stone, P. K. (2000). Paleoobstetrics: Reproduction, workload, and mortality for Ancestral Pueblo women. (Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation), University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst.
Todd, T. W. (1920). Age changes in the pubic bone. I. The male white pubis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 3, 285–334.
Tung, T. A. (2007). Trauma and violence in the Wari empire of the Peruvian Andes: Warfare, raids, and ritual fights. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 133(3), 941–956.
Turner, C. G., II, & Turner, J. A. (1999). Man corn: Cannibalism and violence in the prehistoric American Southwest. Salt Lake City: The University of Utah Press.
Watson, J. T. (2008). Changes in food processing and occlusal dental wear during the early agricultural period in Northwest Mexico. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 135, 92–99.
Wetherill, M. (2003). Marietta Wetherill: Life with the Navajos in Chaco Canyon, reprint. In K. Gabriel (Ed.). Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
White, T. D., Folkens, P. A., & Black, M. T. (2012). Human osteology (third ed.). Burlington: Academic Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Harrod, R.P. (2017). Putting the People Back into the Pueblos. In: The Bioarchaeology of Social Control. Bioarchaeology and Social Theory. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59516-0_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59516-0_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-59515-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-59516-0
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)