Prevention

Abstract

Prevention of infectious diseases is centrepiece for control and reduction of new cases during an outbreak. In the case of mosquito born disease, to which ZIKV belongs, prevention must be made in a transversal, multidisciplinary and simultaneously net of actions and controls. In this chapter we will approach to prevention from the different points of view. For the mosquito control, an environmental management can be carried out in order to reduce natural and artificial water containers used by the mosquito for the ovoposition, larval hatchery and mosquito live cycle. Insecticides and Biological (predators, parasites or biological competitors) or Genetic control (with technics of mosquito population reduction or replacement) can be used in order to reduce mosquito and larvae population. From another point of view, personal protection from mosquito-bite with physical barriers and repellent is essential to reduce the number of infected people and, at the same time, the mosquito source of infection. On the other hand, we will review international advice on prevention for the different mechanisms of ZIKV infection and finally a summary of the most relevant international guidelines for a better knowing and management ZIKV infection are presented.