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Zika Virus Infection pp 13–19Cite as

The Virus

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Part of the book series: SpringerBriefs in Immunology ((BRIEFSIMMUN))

Abstract

ZIKV is a member of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. It’s a RNA virus with three structural proteins (capsid, pre-membrane and envelope). ZIKV has adapted to humans by losing a codon of the non-structural proteins NS1 of its genome, facilitating viral replication and increasing viral titters. ZIKV infects dermal cells and then migrates to lymph node and bloodstream, reaching different organs and tissues. There are identified three lineages: East African, West African, and Asian. Current outbreak clustered closely within the Asian lineage, and its introduction in the Americas may have taken place between May and December 2013. ZIKV is transmitted through mosquito bite, which carries the virus in its saliva, and replicate initially in dendritic cells near the site of inoculation and then spread to the blood, lymph nodes, bloodstream and finally to organs and tissues. Fetal affectation in congenital syndrome may be the result of destruction of germinal matrix in central nervous system, resulting in small brains and abnormal cortical gyration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tropical Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz-Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

    Marta Díaz-Menéndez & Clara Crespillo-Andújar

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  1. Marta Díaz-Menéndez
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  2. Clara Crespillo-Andújar
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Correspondence to Marta Díaz-Menéndez .

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Díaz-Menéndez, M., Crespillo-Andújar, C. (2017). The Virus. In: Zika Virus Infection. SpringerBriefs in Immunology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59406-4_3

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