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Exploring Factor Space (and Other Adventures) with the Hominoid Personality Questionnaire

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Personality in Nonhuman Animals

Abstract

In this chapter, I describe a research tradition for investigating the evolutionary origins of the personalities of different species of primates, including humans. To that end, I describe the tradition’s origins and methods, set out its assumptions, and evaluate its ability to solve empirical problems related to personality. In doing so, I will clear up misconceptions and assuage critics of the approaches that define this research tradition. After surveying the literature that originated from this research tradition, I conclude that it solves many problems as well as other research traditions do. I then identify its limitations and the need for further studies of wild populations, and propose a new direction for the study of personality and behavior.

Finally: It was stated at the outset, that this system would not be here, and at once, perfected. You cannot but plainly see that I have kept my word. But I now leave my cetological system standing thus unfinished, even as the great Cathedral of Cologne was left, with the crane still standing upon the top of the uncompleted tower. For small erections may be finished by their first architects; grand ones, true ones, ever leave the cope-stone to posterity. God keep me from ever completing anything. This whole book is but a draught—nay, but the draught of a draught. Oh, Time, Strength, Cash, and Patience!

—Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1851

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Readers can go to http://extras.springer.com/2011/978-1-4614-0175-9/ to obtain the HPQ for chimpanzees, orangutans, and rhesus macaques at. Filenames prefixed by “weiss” are English-language versions of the HPQ. Filenames prefixed by “weissmurayama” are Japanese-language versions of the HPQ. The HPQ is also available in Dutch, German, Chinese, French, and Spanish. Until I develop a website, please contact me if you wish to obtain any of these other versions or the LaTeX code should you wish to adapt the HPQ for your own purposes.

  2. 2.

    Similar studies of the chimpanzee personality conducted after the HPQ was developed that used the original 43 CPQ items yielded similar results (Weiss et al. 2009, 2007).

  3. 3.

    The question of whether this research tradition is as good, better, or poorer at solving conceptual problems (Laudan 1977) than some other research tradition is beyond the scope of this chapter.

  4. 4.

    In the Weiss et al. 2009 study, the sex effect was not significant (p = .0694), but the direction of the effect was comparable to what had been found in the other studies.

  5. 5.

    In my mind, whether orangutans have something like a conscientiousness or attentiveness domain is unresolved.

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  1. Department of Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

    Alexander Weiss

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  1. Department of Psychology, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA

    Jennifer Vonk

  2. Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

    Alexander Weiss

  3. Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA

    Stan A. Kuczaj

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Weiss, A. (2017). Exploring Factor Space (and Other Adventures) with the Hominoid Personality Questionnaire. In: Vonk, J., Weiss, A., Kuczaj, S. (eds) Personality in Nonhuman Animals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59300-5_2

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