Abstract
Many writings on African ‘development’ now concern themselves with new donor actors, especially China and its state-sponsored corporations. This chapter explores ‘new’ donor involvement in the continent with focus on China and Turkey. In relation to Chinese trade and aid, the chapter queries the progressive ‘development’ credentials of Chinese interventions with focus on Zambia and Angola. In both country contexts, Chinese corporations are seen to secure access to lucrative natural resources with little tangible return for the poorer citizenry. Indeed, Chinese interventions are seen to perpetuate (neo)colonial trade and production patterns and to denude the exercise of empirical sovereignty. Meanwhile, Turkish interventions under President Erodgan are seen to be couched in a benevolent discourse of humanitarian concern. Nevertheless, Turkish interests in oil in Somalia’s Puntland province combined to its arms deals, challenges the notion that Turkey offers a real alternative system to the ‘neo-colonialism’ of the West.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ademola, O. T., Bankole, A.-S., & Adewuyi, A. (2009). China-Africa trade relations: Insights from AERC scoping studies. European Journal of Development Research, 21(4), 485–505.
Ali, A. (2011). Turkey’s foray into Africa: A new humanitarian power? Insight Turkey, 13(4), 65–73.
Altintas, E. B. (2015, September 3). What is Turkey doing in Africa? The Daily Zaman.
Balance, Counter. (2009). Coherence for development? Development check of the financing activities of the European Investment Bank. Brussels: Counter Balance.
Bilgiç, A., & Nascimento, D. (2014). Turkey’s new focus on Africa: Causes and challenges. Oslo: NOREF.
Bond, P. (2004). Bankrupt Africa: Imperialism, Sub-Imperialism and the politics of finance. Historical Materialism, 12(4), 146–172.
Bond, P. (2016). BRICS banking and the debate over sub-imperialism. Third World Quarterly, 37(4), 611–629.
Brautigam, D., & Tang, X. (2011). African Shenzhen: China’s special economic zones in Africa. Journal of Modern African Studies, 49(1), 27–54.
Brautigam, D., & Tang, X. (2014). Going global in groups: Structural transformation and China’s special economic zones overseas. World Development, 63, 78–91.
Brynildsen, O., & Nombora, D. (2013). Mining without development: The case of Kenmare moma mine in Mozambique. Maputo: CIP and Eurodad.
Carmody, P., & Kragelund, P. (2016). Who is in charge? State power and agency in Sino-African relations. Cornell International Law Journal, 49(1), 1–23.
Carmody, P., & Owusu, F. (2007). Competing hegemons? Chinese versus American geo-economic stategies in Africa. Political Geography, 26, 504–524.
Cisse, D. (2012). FOCAC: Trade, investments and aid in China–Africa relations. Stellenbosch: Centre for Chinese Studies, Stellenbosch University.
Dollar, D. (2016). China’s engagement with Africa: From natural resources to human resources. Washington: Brookings Institute.
Edoho, F. (2011). Globalization and marginalization of Africa: Contextualization of China–Africa relations. Africa Today, 58(1), 102–124.
Erdoğan R. T. (2011, September 22). Statement by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan at 66th UN General Assembly. Voltaire Network, New York.
Fairclough, N. (2009). Language and globalisation. Semiotica, 173(1), 317–342.
Fairclough N., Mulderrig J., & Wodak R. (2009). Critical discourse analysis. In T.A. van Djik (Ed.), Discourse studies: A multidisciplinary introduction. London: SAGE.
Financial Times. (2015, February 9). China’s policy dilemma deepens on record trade surplus. Financial Times. Available at: http://blogs.ft.com/beyond-brics/2015/02/09/chinas-policy-dilemma-deepens-on-record-trade-surplus/. Accessed 13 July 2017.
Friends of the Earth International. (2006). The European Investment Bank in the South: In whose interest? Amsterdam: Friends of the Earth.
Harte, J. (2012). Turkey shocks Africa. World Policy Journal, 29(4), 27–38.
Hasemi, S. A. (2014). The Ottoman response to the Western storm: Lessons for Neo-Ottomanism in Turkey. The Quarterly Journal of Political Studies of Islamic World, 2(8), 81–96.
Haşimi, C. (2014). Turkey’s humanitarian diplomacy and development cooperation. Insight Turkey, 16(1), 127–145.
Human Rights Watch. (2010). Transparency and accountability in Angola. New York: Human Rights Watch. Available at: https://www.hrw.org/report/2010/04/13/transparency-and-accountability-angola. Accessed 25 Mar 2017.
Human Rights Watch. (2011). You’ll be fired if you refuse: Labour abuses in Zambia’s state-owned copper mines. New York: Hyman Rights Watch. Available at: https://www.hrw.org/report/2011/11/04/youll-be-fired-if-you-refuse/labor-abuses-zambias-chinese-state-owned-copper-mines. Accessed 25 Mar 2017.
i24news.tv. (2015, January 26). Turkish President Erdoğan Visits Somalia.
Kagwanja, C. (2013, June 29). Turkey in Somalia: Building relations using brotherhood, aid and dialogue. The East African.
Kolstad, I., & Wiig, A. (2011). Better the devil you know? Chinese foreign direct investment in Africa. Journal of African Business, 12(1), 31–50.
Kredo, A. (2013, February 27). Turkish tweet turns heads. The Washington Free Beacon.
Large, D. (2008). Beyond dragon in the bush: The study of China–Africa relations. African Affairs, 107(426), 45–61.
de Marques Morais, R. (2011, March/April). The new imperialism: China in Angola. World Affairs. Available at: http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/article/new-imperialism-china-angola. Accessed 25 Mar 2017.
Mauritius Chamber of Commerce and Industry. (2016). Mauritius-Turkey free trade agreement (FTA). Port Louis: MCCI.
Mohan, G., & Lampert, B. (2013). Negotiating China: Reinserting African agency into China–Africa relations. African Affairs, 112(446), 92–110.
Murphy T., & Woods A. (2014, February). Turkey’s international development framework—Case study: Somalia. IPC-Mercator Policy Brief. Istanbul: Istanbul Policy Centre.
Naidu, S., & Davies, M. (2006). China fuels its future with Africa’s riches. South African Journal of International Affairs, 13(2), 69–83.
Niu, Z. (2016). China’s development and its aid presence in Africa: A critical reflection from the perspective of development anthropology. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 51(2), 199–221.
Okeowo, A. (2013, June 12). China in Africa: The new imperialists? The New Yorker.
Ovadia, J. (2013). Accumulation with or without dispossession? A ‘both/and approach to China in Africa with reference to Angola. Review of African Political Economy, 40(136), 233–250.
Özkan, M., & Akgün, B. (2010). Turkey’s opening to Africa. Journal of Common Market Studies, 48(4), 525–546.
Özkan, M., & Orakçi, S. (2014). Viewpoint: Turkey as a “Political” actor in Africa—As assessment of Turkish involvement in Somalia. Journal of Eastern African Studies, 9(2), 343–352.
Radio Muqdisho. (2015, January 25). The President: We welcome our Turkish friends back to Somalia. Radio Muqdisho.
Reuters. (2014, October 23). Somali port set for facelift with Turkish Help. Reuters.
Reuters. (2015, February 27). Update 3—jailing of Zambian ex-minister prompts calls for action on graft. Reuters. Available at: http://www.reuters.com/article/zambia-corruption-idUSL5N0W11YE20150227. Accessed 13 July 2017.
Rubin, M. (2014, March 20). Tape suggests Turkey supports terror. Commentary.
Rudincová, K. (2014). New player on the scene: Turkish engagement in Africa. Bulletin of Geography: Socio-economic Series, 24, 197–213.
Ryan, G. (2014, December 12). Ottoman Brethren: Turkey’s role in Somalia’s recent development. Polity.org.za.
Said, S. (1979). Orientalism. New York: Random House.
Sautman, B., & Hairong, Y. (2009). African perspectives on China-Africa links. The China Quarterly, 199, 728–759.
Shinn, D. (2015). Turkey’s Engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa: Shifting Alliances and Strategic Diversification. London: Chatham House.
Spilsbury, L. (2012). Can Michael Sata tame the dragon and channel Chinese investment towards development for Zambians? Journal of Politics and International Studies, 8, 238–278.
Syampeyo, Y., Chibuye, J., & Chinga, A. (2014, June 20). Sata Defends China. Daily Mail Zambia.
Taylor, I. (2008). Sino-African relations and the problem of human rights. African Affairs, 107(426), 63–87.
Taylor, I., & Xiao, Y. (2009). A case of mistaken identity: “China Inc.” and its “imperialism” in sub-Saharan Africa. Asian Politics and Policy, 1(4), 709–725.
The Telegraph. (2014, October 29). Michael Sata—Obituary. The Telegraph.
TIKA. (2012). Turkish development assistance 2012. Ankara: TIKA.
TIKA. (2013). Turkish Development Assistance 2013. Ankara: TIKA.
Tsikata, D., Pokuaa, A., & Aryeetey, F. (2008). China-Africa relations: A case study of Ghana: A draft scoping study prepared for the African economic research consortium. Accra: Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research—University of Ghana.
Van Djik. (1993). Principles of critical discourse analysis. Discourse and Society, 4(2), 249–283.
Wodak, R. (2002). Aspects of critical discourse analysis. ZfAL, 36, 5–31.
Young, A. (2014, August 5). Turkey is boosting weapons exports with a focus on Africa: Here’s who benefits. IbTimes.com.
Yurdusev, A. N. (2004). Ottoman diplomacy: Conventional or unconventional?. London: Palgrave.
Zeleza, P. T. (2014). The Africa–China relationship: Challenges and opportunities. Canadian Journal of African Studies, 48(1), 145–169.
Zheng. (n.d.). Neo-colonialism, ideology or just business? China’s perception of Africa. Boulder: University of Colorado.
Zheng, L. (2010). Neo-colonialism, ideology or just business? China’s perception of Africa. Global Media and Communication, 6(3), 271–276.
Zoumara, B., & Ibrahim, A. F. (2013). China-Africa relations looking beyond the critics. Pambazuka, No. 166. Available at: http://pambazuka.org/en/category/features/87735. Accessed 7 Jan 2017.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Langan, M. (2018). Emerging Powers and Neo-Colonialism in Africa. In: Neo-Colonialism and the Poverty of 'Development' in Africa. Contemporary African Political Economy. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58571-0_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58571-0_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-58570-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-58571-0
eBook Packages: Political Science and International StudiesPolitical Science and International Studies (R0)