Abstract
Composites containing fibres from biological sources, such as residues from field crop production, are being increasingly used for manufacturing consumer products, automobile parts and construction materials because of their low costs, as well as their ecological and performance benefits. The chapter examines the sustainability of using plant fibres for bioproduct manufacturing in Ontario, Canada from annual and perennial crops. It also examines parameters that affect the performance of composites compounded with polypropylene and (Zea mays) corn fibres. In particular, the study identified relationships between specific performance characteristics of the corn fibres and their chemical compositions and confirmed that plant genetics and crop production environment play significant roles in both traits. Further, it identified cell wall traits, genomic regions and genes that might be used to select corn lines that have improved fibre characteristics for bioproduct manufacturing.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ali, M. L., Taylor, J. H., Lie, J., Sun, G., William, M., Kasha, K. J., Reid, L. M., & Pauls, K. P. (2005). Molecular mapping of QTLs for resistance to Gibberella ear rot, in corn, caused by Fusarium graminearum. Genome, 48, 521–533.
ASTM Standard D790-10. (2010a, April 1). Standard test methods for flexural properties of unreinforced and reinforced plastics and electrical insulating materials. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International. doi: 10.1520/D0790-10.; www.astm.org
ASTM Standard D256-10. (2010b, May 1). Standard test methods for determining the izod pendulum impact resistance of plastics. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International. doi: 10.1520/D0256-10.; www.astm.org
ASTM Standard D1708-10. (2010c, April 1). Standard test method for tensile properties of plastics by use of microtensile specimens. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, doi: 10.1520/D1708-10.; www.astm.org
Bily, A. C., Reid, L. M., Taylor, J. H., Johnston, D., Malouin, C., Burt, A. J., Bakan, B., Regnault-Roger, C., Pauls, K. P., Arnason, J. T., & Philogene, B. J. R. (2003). Dehydrodimers of ferulic acid in maize grain pericarp: Resistance factors to Fusarium graminearum. Phytopathology, 93, 712–719.
Eichelmann, E., Wagner-Riddle, C., Warland, J., Deen, B., & Voroney, P. (2016). Carbon dioxide exchange dynamics over a mature switchgrass stand. Global Change Biology, 8, 428–442. doi:10.1111/gcbb.12259.
Fletcher, R. S., Slimmon, T., McAuley, C. Y., & Kott, L. S. (2005). Heat stress reduces the accumulation of rosmarinic acid and the antioxidant activity of Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 85, 2429–2436.
Gaudin, A. C. M., Janovicek, K., Deen, B., & Hooker, D. C. (2015). Wheat improves nitrogen use efficiency of maize and soybean-based cropping systems. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 210, 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.034.
Heaton, E. A., Voigt, T. B., & Long, S. P. (2004). A quantitative review comparing the yields of two candidate C4 perennial biomass crops in relation to nitrogen, temperature and water. Biomass and Bioenergy, 27, 21–30.
Kludze, H., Deen, B., Weersink, A., van Acker, R., Janovicek, K., & De Laporte, A. (2013a). Impact of land classification on potential warm season grass biomass production in Ontario, Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 93, 249–260.
Kludze, H., Deen, B., Weersink, A., van Acker, R., Janovicek, K., De Laporte, A., & McDonald, I. (2013b). Estimating sustainable crop residue removal rates and costs based on soil organic matter dynamics and rotational complexity. Biomass and Bioenergy, 56, 607–618. doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2013.05.036.
Martin, C. J. (2011). Development of sequence-specific molecular markers based on phenylpropanoid pathway genes for resistance to Fusarium graminearum (Schwabe) in Zea mays (L.). MSc Thesis: University of Guelph.
Penning, B. W., Hunter III, C. T., Tayengwa, R., Eveland, A. L., Dugard, C. K., Olek, A. T., Vermerris, W., Koch, K. E., McCarty, D. R., Davis, M. F., Thomas, S. R., McCann, M. C., & Carpita, N. C. (2009). Genetic resources for maize cell wall biology. Plant Physiology, 151, 1703–1728.
Pittelkow, C. M., Liang, X., Linquist, B. A., van Groenigen, K. J., Lee, J., Lundy, M. E., & van Kessel, C. (2014). Productivity limits and potentials of the principles of conservation agriculture. Nature, 517, 365–368. doi:10.1038/nature13809.
Powlson, D. S., Stirling, C. M., Jat, M. L., Gerard, B. G., Palm, C. A., Sanchez, P. A., & Cassman, K. G. (2014). Limited potential of no-till agriculture for climate change mitigation. Nature Climate Change, 4, 678–683. doi:10.1038/nclimate2292.
Reinprecht, Y., Arif, M., Simon, L. C., & Pauls, K. P. (2015). Genome regions associated with functional performance of soybean stem fibers in polypropylene thermoplastic composites. PLoS ONE, 10(7), e0130371. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0130371.
Riaz, M. (2012). Characterization of corn fibres for manufacturing automotive plastic parts. MSc Thesis, University of Guelph.
Sage, R. F., Peixoto, M., Friesen, P., & Deen, B. (2015). C4 bioenergy crops for cool climates, with special emphasis on perennial C4 grasses. Journal of Experimental Botany. doi:10.1093/jxb/erv123.
Sanscartier, D., Deen, B., Dias, G., Maclean, H. L., Dadfar, H., Mcdonald, I., & Kludze, H. (2014a). Implications of land class and environmental factors on life cycle GHG emissions of Miscanthus as a bioenergy feedstock. GCB Bioenergy, 6, 401–413. doi:10.1111/gcbb.12062.
Sanscartier, D., Dias, G., Deen, W., Dadfar, H., McDonald, I., & MacLean, H. L. (2014b). Life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of electricity generation from corn cobs in Ontario, Canada. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining, 8, 568–578. doi:10.1002/bbb.1485.
Shen, H., Yin, Y., Chen, F., Xu, Y., & Dixon, R. A. (2009). A bioinformatic analysis of NAC genes for plant cell wall development in relation to lignocellulosic bioenergy production. Bioenergy Research, 2, 217–232.
Van Ooijen, J. W. (2009). MapQTL ® 6, Software for the mapping of quantitative trait loci in experimental populations of diploid species. Wageningen, Netherlands: Kyazma B.V.
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary neutral detergent fiber and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74, 3583–3597.
Varvel, G. E., & Wilhelm, W. W. (2008). Corn cob biomass production in the western corn belt. Bioenergy Research, 1(3e4), 223e8.
Xu, W., Campbell, P., Vargheese, A. K., & Braam, J. (1996). The Arabidopsis XET-related gene family: Environmental and hormonal regulation of expression. The Plant Journal, 9, 879–889.
Yokoyama, R., & Nishitani, K. (2004). Genomic basis for cell-wall diversity in plants. A comparative approach to gene families in rice and Arabidopsis. Plant and Cell Physiology, 45, 1111–1121.
Related Web Resources
http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2881528/global-natural-fiber-composites-market-2014-2019; accessed on May 21, 2015
http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/stats/crops/estimate_new.htm; accessed on May 21, 2015
Acknowledgements
The work was supported by the Ontario Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Arif, M. et al. (2017). Technology and Sustainability of Crop Fibre Uses in Bioproducts in Ontario, Canada: Corn Stalk and Cob Fibre Performance in Polypropylene Composites. In: Dabbert, S., Lewandowski, I., Weiss, J., Pyka, A. (eds) Knowledge-Driven Developments in the Bioeconomy. Economic Complexity and Evolution. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58374-7_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58374-7_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-58373-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-58374-7
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)