Skip to main content

Cocaine Withdrawal

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Quick Guide to Psychiatric Emergencies
  • 1212 Accesses

Abstract

Of all illegal substances, cocaine leads to most emergency department visits in the US:per the Drug Abuse Warning Network, in 2011 there were 162 cocaine-related visits per 100,000 population in contrast to 83 heroin-related ED visits.However, there are no data that specifically pertain to cocaine withdrawal.Acute withdrawal symptoms or the “crash” typically occurs after repetitive use or binging. Initial withdrawal symptoms may occur 6–12 h after heavy use of cocaine with protracted withdrawal symptoms occurring up to 96 h after use.Abrupt cocaine cessation can cause significant distress and social and occupational impairment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Artenie AA, Bruneau J, Zang G, Lespérance F, Renaud J, Tremblay J, Jutras-Aswad D. Associations of substance use patterns with attempted suicide among persons who inject drugs: can distinct use patterns play a role? Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015;147:208–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-5. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  3. Ithman MH, Gopalakrishna G, Beck NC, Das J, Petroski G. Predictors of length of stay in an acute psychiatric hospital. J Biosafety Health Educ. 2014;2:119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Kishi T, Matsuda Y, Iwato N, Carrell C. Antipsychotics for cocaine or psychostimulant dependence: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74:1169–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Minozzi S, Saulle R, De Crescenzo F, Amato L. Psychosocial interventions for psychostimulant misuse. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;9:CD011866. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011866.pub2.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. de Souza LM, Rodrigues RR, Santos H, Costa HB, Merlo BB, Filgueiras PR, Poppi RJ, Vaz BG, Romão W. A survey of adulterants used to cut cocaine in samples seized in the Espírito Santo state by GC-MS allied to chemometric tools. Sci Justice. 2016;56(2):73–9. doi:10.1016/j.scijus.2015.11.006.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Berman M, Paran D, Elkayam O. Cocaine-induced vasculitis. Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2016;7(4):e0036. doi:10.5041/RMMJ.10263.

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Taylor RF, Bernard GR. Airway complications from free-basingcocaine. Chest. 1989;95(2):476–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Saraghi M, Hersh EV. Potential diversion of local anesthetics from dental offices for use ascocaineadulterants. J Am Dent Assoc. 2014;145(3):256–9. doi:10.14219/jada.2013.33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Cunningham EE, Venuto RC, Zielezny MA. Adulterants in heroin/cocaine: implications concerning heroin-associated nephropathy. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1984;14(1):19–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jagoda Pasic M.D., Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pasic, J. (2018). Cocaine Withdrawal. In: Nordstrom, K., Wilson, M. (eds) Quick Guide to Psychiatric Emergencies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58260-3_43

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58260-3_43

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-58258-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-58260-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics