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Hemoptysis, Endoscopic Management

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Interventions in Pulmonary Medicine

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Abstract

Hemoptysis is defined as the expectoration of blood from the lower respiratory tract and could be graduated in hemoptoic sputum (sputum staining with blood streaks), and evident hemoptisis or may even present as massive hemoptysis. In the last case, it is preferable to use the term threatening hemoptysis, defined as the one that poses a risk to life for the patient.The causes of hemoptysis are multiple and varied. The disease causing hemoptysis can affect the airway, lung parenchyma, or pulmonary vessels. Although they vary according to the population studied, the most frequent causes of hemoptysis are bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis, and bronchogenic carcinoma.Bronchoscopy plays a key role in the diagnosis and management of hemoptysis. It allows confirmation in doubtful cases, location of the bleeding point or, at least, location of the affected lung, and the determination of the cause in lesions accessible to it. It can allow the isolation of the hemorrhagic segment or lobe to avoid flooding the non-affecting bronchial tree and reduce the risk of suffocation, by selective intubation or bronchial blockade with balloon, as well as the application of local therapies that contribute to control the bleeding.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pulmonary Department, University of Salamanca, Salamanca University Hospital, P° San Vicente 58, 37007, Salamanca, Spain

    Rosa Cordovilla MD

  2. Pulmonary Department, University Hospital of León, León, Spain

    Elena Bollo de Miguel MD

  3. Pulmonary Department, Salamanca University Hospital, Salamanca, Spain

    Juan Alejandro Cascón Hernández MD

Authors
  1. Rosa Cordovilla MD
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  2. Elena Bollo de Miguel MD
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  3. Juan Alejandro Cascón Hernández MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rosa Cordovilla MD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clínica Corachan and Bellvitge, University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain

    Jose Pablo Díaz-Jimenez

  2. Pulmonary Department, Clinica y Maternidad Colon, Pulmonary Research Department, IIC Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Alicia N. Rodriguez

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Cordovilla, R., de Miguel, E.B., Cascón Hernández, J.A. (2018). Hemoptysis, Endoscopic Management. In: Díaz-Jimenez, J., Rodriguez, A. (eds) Interventions in Pulmonary Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58036-4_38

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58036-4_38

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-58036-4

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