Abstract
Cemented carbides are widely used in industry as cutting tools, wear parts, as a result of the high hardness and good toughness. A reliable diffusion database is critical to simulate microstructure evolution of cemented carbides. In 2014, we established version one of CSUDDCC1 (Central South University Diffusion Database for Cemented Carbides Version one). In this work, a description for the updated diffusion database CSUDDCC2 is presented. The atomic mobility database for fcc and liquid in C–W–Co–Fe–Ni–Cr–V–Ti–Ta–Nb–Zr–Mo–Al–N cemented carbides was established based on our new experimental data, literature data, first-principles calculation and theoretical assessment via the DICTRA (Diffusion Controlled TRAnsformation) software package. The atomic mobility parameters in liquid are theoretically calculated by the newly modified Sutherland equation, and the atomic mobility parameters in fcc phase are optimized by the diffusivities measured in the present work and from the literature. The mobility parameters for self-diffusion and impurity diffusion in metastable fcc structure were determined through a semi-empirical method or first-principles calculations. Comprehensive comparisons between calculated and measured diffusivities indicate that most of the experimental data can be well reproduced by the currently obtained atomic mobilities. Combining the thermodynamic database for cemented carbides , the diffusion database has been used to simulate the microstructure evolution during sintering of gradient cemented carbides. The simulated microstructure agrees reasonably with the experimentally observations.
References
H.O. Andrén, Microstructures of cemented carbonitrides. Mater. Des. 22, 8–491 (2001)
H.E. Exner, Int. Met. Rev. 24, 149–173 (1979)
Y. Liu, H.B. Wang, Z.Y. Long, P.K. Liaw, J.G. Yang, B.Y. Huang, Microstructural evolution and mechanical behaviors of graded cemented carbides. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 426, 54–346 (2006)
T.E. Yang, J. Xiong, L. Sun, Z.X. Guo, D. Cao, Int. J. Miner. Metal. Mater. 18, 709–716 (2011)
W.B. Zhang, Y. Du et al., CSUDDCC1—A diffusion database for multicomponent cemented carbides. Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 43, 164–180 (2014)
B. Sundman, B. Jansson, J.O. Andersson, CALPHAD 9, 153–190 (1985)
J.O. Andersson, L. Hoeglund, B. Jansson, J. Agren, in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Fundamentals and Applications of Ternary Diffusion, 1990, pp. 153–163
B. Jönsson, Assessment of the mobility of carbon in fcc C–Cr–Fe–Ni alloys. Z. MetaIlkd. 85, 9–502 (1994)
J.O. Andersson, J. Ågren, Models for numerical treatment of multicomponent diffusion in simple phases. J. Appl. Phys. 72, 5–1350 (1992)
M. Ekroth, R. Frykholm, M. Lindholm, H.O. Andrén, J. Ågren, Gradient zones in WC–Ti(C, N)–Co-based cemented carbides: experimental study and computer simulations. Acta Mater. 48, 85–2177 (2000)
J. Garcia, G. Lindwall, O. Prat, K. Frisk, Kinetics of formation of graded layers on cemented carbides: experimental investigations and DICTRA simulations. Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 29, 9–256 (2011)
W.M. Chen, L.J. Zhang, D.D. Liu, Y. Du, C.Y. Tan, Diffusivities and atomic mobilities of Sn–Bi and Sn–Pb melts. J. Electron. Mater. 42, 70–1158 (2013)
W.B. Zhang, Y. Du, Y.B. Peng, W. Xie, G.H. Wen, S.Q. Wang, Experimental investigations and simulations of the effect of Ti and N content on formation of fcc-free surface layers in WC–Ti(C, N)–Co cemented carbides. Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 41, 47–638 (2013)
L.J. Zhang, Y. Du et al., Diffusivities of an Al–Fe–Ni melt and their effects on the microstructure during solidification. Acta Mater. 58, 3664–3675 (2010)
S. Dushman, I. Langmuir: Proc. Am. Phys. Soc. 113 (1992)
C. Zener, J. Appl. Phys. 22, 372 (1951)
R.A. Swalin, J. Appl. Phys. 27, 554 (1956)
M. Matina, Y. Wang, R. Arroyave, L.Q. Chen, Z.K. Liu, C. Wolverton, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 215901 (2008)
D.D. Zhao, Y. Kong, A.J. Wang, L.C. Zhou, S.L. Cui et al., J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 32, 128 (2011)
J. Askill, Tracer Diffusion Data for Metals, Alloys, and Simple Oxides (IFI, Plenum, New York, 1970)
M. Ahmadian, D. Wexler, T. Chandra, A. Calka, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 23, 155–159 (2005)
C. Chen, L.J. Zhang, Y. Du et al., Diffusivities and atomic mobilities in disordered fcc and ordered L12 Ni–Al–W alloys. J. Alloys Compd. 645, 259–268 (2015)
M.S.A. Karunaratne, D.C. Cox, P. Carter, R.C. Reed, Superalloys 2000, TMS (2000), pp. 263–272
C.E. Campbell, W.J. Boettinger, U.R. Kattner, Acta Mater. 50, 775–792 (2002)
M. Hattori, N. Goto, Y. Murata, T. Koyama, M. Morinaga, Mater. Trans. 46, 163–166 (2005)
J.F. Zhang, Paper in preparation (2017)
C. Zhang, Ph.D. thesis, Central South University (China), 2016 (unpublished work)
R. Warren, M.B. Waldron, Microstructural development during the liquid-phase sintering of cemented carbides. II. Carbide grain growth. Powder Met. 15(30), 180–201 (1972)
M. Pellan, S. Lay, J.-M. Missiaen et al., Effect of Binder Composition on WC Grain Growth in cemented carbides. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 98(11), 3596–3601 (2015)
C. Chen, Ph.D. thesis, Central South University (China), 2016 (unpublished work)
Acknowledgements
The financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51371199) and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China (Grant No. 2015ZX04005008) is greatly acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
About this paper
Cite this paper
Deng, P. et al. (2017). CSUDDCC2: An Updated Diffusion Database for Cemented Carbides. In: Mason, P., et al. Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME 2017). The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57864-4_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57864-4_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-57863-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-57864-4
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)