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The STIM-Orai Pathway: Regulation of STIM and Orai by Thiol Modifications

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Store-Operated Ca²⁺ Entry (SOCE) Pathways

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 993))

Abstract

Cysteines are among the least abundant amino acids found in proteins. Due to their unique nucleophilic thiol group, they are able to undergo a broad range of chemical modifications besides their known role in disulfide formation, such as S-sulfenylation (-SOH), S-sulfinylation (-SO(2)H), S-sufonylation (-SO(3)H), S-glutathionylation (-SSG), and S-sulfhydration (-SSH), among others. These posttranslational modifications can be irreversible and act as transitional modifiers or as reversible on-off switches for the function of proteins. Disturbances of the redox homeostasis, for example, in situations of increased oxidative stress, can contribute to a range of diseases. Because Ca2+ signaling mediated by store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is involved in a plethora of cellular responses, the cross-talk between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca2+ is critical for homeostatic control. Identification of calcium regulatory protein targets of thiol redox modifications is needed to understand their role in biology and disease.

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Acknowledgments

The author thanks M. Hoth for critical reading of the manuscript and Drs. Alansary and Bogeski for scientific input. This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) SFB1027 C4, C7, SFB894 A2 and FOR2289 to B.A.N.

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  1. Molecular Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany

    Barbara A. Niemeyer

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  1. Barbara A. Niemeyer
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Correspondence to Barbara A. Niemeyer .

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  1. Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Klaus Groschner

  2. Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Wolfgang F. Graier

  3. Institute of Biophysics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria

    Christoph Romanin

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Niemeyer, B.A. (2017). The STIM-Orai Pathway: Regulation of STIM and Orai by Thiol Modifications. In: Groschner, K., Graier, W., Romanin, C. (eds) Store-Operated Ca²⁺ Entry (SOCE) Pathways. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 993. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_6

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