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Molecular, Cellular, and Structural Biology of Grapevine fanleaf virus

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Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management

Abstract

Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is one of the 15 viruses causing fanleaf degeneration, one of the most detrimental viral diseases of grapevines worldwide. GFLV belongs to the genus Nepovirus in the family Secoviridae. It was the first phytovirus for which transmission by an ectoparasitic dagger nematode vector was demonstrated and the first Nepovirus for which infectious clones were obtained, paving the way to studies on virus-vector-host interactions. Information on subcellular localization of GFLV-encoded proteins and the use of modified synthetic virus constructs resulted in a better understanding of virus movement and transmission. In recent years, advances on the identification of viral determinants involved in the specific transmission of GFLV by Xiphinema index were made, and the atomic structure of the virus was obtained at a 2.7 Å resolution, revealing potential sites of interaction with the nematode vector at the surface of the particle. Host factors involved in the early steps of the virus cell-to-cell movement and viral determinants of symptom development in herbaceous hosts were identified. Here we review the current knowledge of GFLV with a special emphasis on some of its unique features compared to other nepoviruses. We also discuss the recent progress in regard to new antiviral strategies and suggest future research priorities.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Marc Fuchs for critical reading of the manuscript, Jean-Yves Sgro for the GFLV roadmap, and Emmanuelle Vigne for the pictures of N. benthamiana leaves. CH was supported by grants from the Région Alsace and INRA and FB by the Ministère de l’éducation nationale, de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes CNRS-UPR 2357, associé à l’Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084, Strasbourg, France

    C. Schmitt-Keichinger, C. Hemmer, F. Berthold & C. Ritzenthaler

  2. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1131 INRA/Université de Strasbourg, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, 68021, Colmar, France

    C. Hemmer

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  1. C. Schmitt-Keichinger
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  2. C. Hemmer
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  3. F. Berthold
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  4. C. Ritzenthaler
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Correspondence to C. Schmitt-Keichinger .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

    Baozhong Meng

  2. Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy

    Giovanni P. Martelli

  3. Foundation Plant Services, University of California, Davis, California, USA

    Deborah A. Golino

  4. Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva, New York, USA

    Marc Fuchs

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Schmitt-Keichinger, C., Hemmer, C., Berthold, F., Ritzenthaler, C. (2017). Molecular, Cellular, and Structural Biology of Grapevine fanleaf virus . In: Meng, B., Martelli, G., Golino, D., Fuchs, M. (eds) Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57706-7_4

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