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Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus

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Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management

Abstract

Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV) is a member of the genus Foveavirus (family Betaflexiviridae, order Tymovirales). GRSPaV was discovered in 1998 from grapevines affected with Rupestris stem pitting, a widespread graft-transmissible disease among commercial grapevines worldwide. Later research has demonstrated that different genetic variants of GRSPaV are closely associated with, and likely the causal agent of, Rupestris stem pitting and vein necrosis. However, definitive proof for its etiological role in either disease is lacking. In the past two decades, much progress has been made in several fronts concerning this virus. Compelling evidence demonstrates that GRSPaV comprises a wide range of genetic variants differing extensively in genome sequence. To date, the complete or near-complete genomes of 15 isolates have been sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the existence of eight clusters of viral variants. Interestingly, the population structure of GRSPaV differs sharply depending on whether the infected plant is a rootstock or a scion cultivar. GRSPaV exists as a uniform population in rootstocks, with GRSPaV-1 being detected in Vitis riparia and its hybrids, while GRSPaV-SG1 detected in Vitis rupestris and its hybrids. In contrast, commercial grape cultivars are generally infected with mixtures of distinct variants. Quick, reliable, and sensitive methods have been developed to detect GRSPaV. The subcellular localization of proteins encoded by GRSPaV has been elucidated using fluorescent protein tagging and microscopy. The establishment of infectious GRSPaV clones has enabled diverse investigations on gene function and viral replication and, ultimately, the development of GRSPaV as a vector for various applications. It is hoped that GRSPaV would ultimately serve as an excellent model system for the study of members of the family Betaflexiviridae and perhaps many other viruses that infect woody fruit crops.

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Acknowledgments

BM would like to thank Dr. Dennis Gonsalves for providing the precious opportunity to pursue Ph.D. studies at Cornell University and for the guidance and mentorship he has provided over the years. The generous help from numerous collaborators and colleagues on various projects is much appreciated. Sincere gratitude also goes to Mr. Clayton Moore for the help with phylogenetic analyses and the construction of phylogenetic trees, as well as to past and current members of the Meng lab, for their valuable contributions to the research on GRSPaV. Research in the Meng laboratory has been funded by Natural Science and Engineering Council of Canada through the Discovery, Special Opportunity, and Engage programs and by the OMAFRA-UoG Partnerships program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada

    B. Meng

  2. Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    A. Rowhani

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  1. B. Meng
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  2. A. Rowhani
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Correspondence to B. Meng .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

    Baozhong Meng

  2. Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy

    Giovanni P. Martelli

  3. Foundation Plant Services, University of California, Davis, California, USA

    Deborah A. Golino

  4. Section of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva, New York, USA

    Marc Fuchs

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Meng, B., Rowhani, A. (2017). Grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus . In: Meng, B., Martelli, G., Golino, D., Fuchs, M. (eds) Grapevine Viruses: Molecular Biology, Diagnostics and Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57706-7_12

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