Formal Description and References in Graph Theory

Abstract

The first part is the start part and the second part is the final part. Now the first part is vector $\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}c} a \\ b \\ c \\ \end{array} } \right]$ the second part is the vector $\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {(b,c)} \\ a \\ a \\ \end{array} } \right]$. Formally we can assume that the first vector is the values of coordinate e₁ and the second vector is the values of the coordinates e₂.