Abstract
This chapter looks at how children think they are perceived in their own frame of reference; that is, in their own society. In which parts of their lives can children shape things themselves, how far do they consider themselves and their opinions to be valued, and which limits to their freedom do they perceive?
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Notes
- 1.
Specifically, we asked children: “If you think about your everyday life, which are the situations in which your opinion counts. Can you decide for yourself: . . . which friends you meet? Generally yes, Generally no, Don’t know/No answer.” Compared to 2010, four more domains were included, so that the question in 2013 contained seven items. A further question on possibilities of codetermining family activities during leisure time was added to the 2010 and 2013 surveys.
- 2.
Results of the First World Vision Child Study indicated that lower class children less frequently get pocket money (Schneekloth and Leven 2007).
- 3.
The institutional space, in this case, the decisive “school living space” with its own binding rules and framing conditions, is excluded here. This is addressed separately in our study with special questions on codetermination and participation from the children’s perspective (see Chap. 4).
- 4.
The computed index can take a range of values from 0 (codetermination in no domain) to 8 (codetermination in all eight domains). Referring to the mean and the standard deviation, we could distinguish three groups of children: those with 4–6 namings (mean plus or minus 1 standard deviation), 0–3 namings (lower than 1 standard deviation), and 7–8 namings (higher than 1 standard deviation).
- 5.
We tested relationships with both a multifactorial analysis of variance across our specially formed total index and an ordinal regression across the three levels “possibilities of codetermination in daily life: few, more frequent, consistent.” Both approaches produced comparable findings.
- 6.
Means would have been higher and the correlation stronger if we had added together the “often” and “sometimes” responses and thereby weighted possibilities of codetermination at school differently.
- 7.
Note that the increase in reported positive regard from fathers was not large enough to attain statistical significance.
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Pupeter, M., Schneekloth, U. (2017). Participation and the Children’s Own Opinion. In: Andresen, S., Fegter, S., Hurrelmann, K., Schneekloth, U. (eds) Well-being, Poverty and Justice from a Child’s Perspective. Children’s Well-Being: Indicators and Research, vol 17. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57574-2_7
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