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Intellectual Disabilities and Global Developmental Delay

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Handbook of DSM-5 Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Abstract

The diagnosis of intellectual disability/intellectual developmental disorder (IDD) and global developmental delay has evolved over time to the current definition that extends well beyond the original concepts, which were largely based on a statistical conceptualization of a general subaverage intellectual functioning, as measured by the intelligence quotient (IQ). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. (DSM-V; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), attempts to broaden the category of intellectual disability/IDD and approach it in more clinical terms. Clinicians are encouraged to take into account the possible sources of test error, to not just rely on a full-scale IQ score but rather to rely more on neuropsychological profiles of cognitive impairments and an approach that involves assessing the adaptive functioning of patients with a greater emphasis on behaviors (e.g., risk-unawareness) which reflect the underlying cognitive aspects of the disorder (Curr Opin Psychiatry 27(2): 110–116, 2014).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Neurology/Neurosurgery and Department of Pediatrics, Montreal Children’s Hospital/McGill University Health Centre (MUHC), Quebec, Canada

    Elana Pinchefsky & Michael Shevell

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  1. Elana Pinchefsky
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Correspondence to Elana Pinchefsky .

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  1. Neurology, Learning and Behavior Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

    Sam Goldstein

  2. Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

    Melissa DeVries

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Pinchefsky, E., Shevell, M. (2017). Intellectual Disabilities and Global Developmental Delay. In: Goldstein, S., DeVries, M. (eds) Handbook of DSM-5 Disorders in Children and Adolescents. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57196-6_2

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