Skip to main content

Citizenship and Migration in South Korea. In the Forefront of Democracies?

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Korea’s Quest for Economic Democratization

Abstract

As other Asian democracies, Korea has been characterized by many migration experts as a state with an ethno-nationalist understanding of citizenship and restrictive migration policies. In this paper we illustrate how far democratization has pushed migration and citizenship policy. We devote special attention to a 2005 reform that enfranchised all foreign residents, which places Korea in the vanguard of a best practice of political integration across democracies. In this chapter Pedroza and Mosler show that such process empowered civil society actors and migrant organizations through a framing of universal “human rights” and democratization, instead of a restrictive frame based on reciprocity which was the original one and had been preferred by political elites.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bauböck, R. (2005). Expansive citizenship. Voting beyond territory and membership. PS: Political Science and Politics, 38(4), 683–687.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brubaker, R. (1989). Immigration and the politics of citizenship in Europe and North America. New York: University Press of America.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brubaker, W. R. (1990). Immigration, citizenship, and the nation-state in France and Germany: A comparative historical analysis. International Sociology, 5(4), 379–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brubaker, W. R., & Kim, J. (2011). Transborder membership politics in Germany and Korea. Archives européennes de sociologie LI, I(1), 21–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carens, J. (2000). Culture, citizenship and community. A contextual exploration of justice as evenhandedness. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi, U. Y. (2003). Research on participation rights of foreigners focusing on the question of participations rights of overseas Koreans in Japan and referring to Japanese theories. Public Law Research, 4(2), 315–340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung, I. S. (2005). Status-quo of the debate on regional voting rights of foreigners in South Korea. Public Interest and Human Rights, 2(1), 33–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chung, S. H. (2010). Research on the background of the introduction of participation rights for immigrants in South Korea and its characteristics. Studies on the Nation, 44, 26–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guiraudon, V. (2007). Citizenship rights for non-citizens: France, Germany, and the Netherlands. In C. Joppke (Ed.), Challenge to the nation-state (pp. 272–317). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollifield, J. F. (1990). Immigrants, markets, and states. The political economy of postwar Europe. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hong, S. B. (2011). Constitution studies II. Seoul: Pakyeongsa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huh, Y. (2001). Theory on the Korean constitution. Seoul: Pakyeongsa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, D. (1998). Discourse, politics and policy: The Dutch parliamentary debate about voting rights for foreign residents. International Migration Review, 32(2), 350–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobs, D. (1999). The debate over enfranchisement of foreign residents in the Netherlands and Belgium. Absence of the ethnic minority voice? Paper presented at the Joint Sessions of the European Consortium for Political Research, Mannheim.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeong, H. W. (2008). Analysis, evaluation, and improvement plants for the Korean governemnt’s Korean overseas politics. Journal of Policy Analysis and Evaluation, 18(4), 165–197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joon, I.-Y. (2012). Migration and the Korean diaspora: A comparative description of five cases. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 38(3), 413–435.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Joppke, C. (2001). The evolution of alien rights in the United States, Germany, and the European Union. In R. Hansen & P. Weil (Eds.), Towards nationality law in Europe (pp. 36–62). London: Palgrave.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalicki, K. (2009). Electoral rights beyond territory and beyond citizenship? The case of South Korea. Japanese Journal of Political Science, 10(3), 289–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, C. H. (2006). Voting rights for foreigners in regional elections. Examination World, 52(10), 25–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, C. K., & Chang, C. A. (2010). Political participation of immigrants in multicultural societies: Focusing on South Korea. National Election Commission (NEC), Seoul.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, C. S. (2001). Introduction to constitutional law. Seoul: Pakyeongsa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, D. (2011). Catalysers in the promotion of migrants’ rights: Church-based NGOs in South Korea. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 37(10), 1649–1667.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kim, N. H.-J. (2012). Multiculturalism and the politics of belonging: The puzzle of multiculturalism in South Korea. Citizenship Studies, 16(1), 103–117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korea Immigration Service (KIS). (2011). 2011 Ch’ulibguk/oegugin chŏngch’aek t’ongyeyŏnbo [KIS statistics 2011]. Seoul: KIS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwon, Y. S. (2001). Basic theory of constitutional law. Seoul: Bŏmmunsa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, K. W. (2001a). Post-war Japan and permanent resident foreigners’ regional political participation rights: Focused on constitutional interpretation and the political process. Nation Research, 7, 87–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, K. Y., & Kim, K. M. (2010a). Multicultural policies and political participation rights in Australia. International Politics Theses Collection, 50(1), 445–468.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, K. Y., & Kim, K. M. (2010b). The migration policy and the political participation of immigrants in Germany. International Regional Studies, 14(1), 153–178.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, S. W. (2011). Immigrants’ participation in multi-cultural society. Journal of the Taehan Association for Political Science, 19(2), 57–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, Y. H. (2001b). Political participation rights of foreigners with residence status in the regions according to the constitution. International Human Rights Laws, 4, 59–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, Y. H. (2002a). Foreigners’ voting rights on the national level: Focusing on Korean expats in Japan. In Proceedings of the conference on new perceptions of overseas Koreans and cooperation in the East Asian region in the 21st century, October 2002, pp. 25–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, Y. H. (2002b). Verfassungsrechtliche Überlegungen zum Ausländerwahlrecht auf nationaler Ebene. Korean Journal for North-East Asia, 22, 29–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, Y. H. (2005). Studie zu den politischen Partizipationsrechten von langfristig im Inland befindlichen Ausländern. Research on Law and Politics, 5(1), 181–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, Y. H. (2008). Foreigners’ voting rights and election law. Legal Research, 32, 23–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lim, T. C. (2012). South Korea as an ordinary country: A comparative inquiry into the prospects for permanent immigration to Korea. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 38(3), 507–528.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Statistics Office (NSO). (2012). Korean Social Trends 2012. Seoul: NSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oh, T. S. (2005). Constitutional examination of the question of political participation rights of foreigners in South Korea. Public Interest and Human Rights, 2(1), 45–66.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedroza, L. (2013a). Denizen enfranchisement and flexible citizenship: National passports or local ballots? In W. Mass (Ed.), Multilevel citizenship. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedroza, L. (2013b). Policy framing and denizen enfranchisement in Portugal: Why some migrant voters are more equal than others. Citizenship Studies, 17(6–7), 852–872. doi:10.1080/13621025.2013.834140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, N., Lawrence, T. B., & Hardy, C. (2004). Discourse and institutions. Academy of Management Review, 29(4), 635–652.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seol, D.-H. (2012). The citizenship of foreign workers in South Korea. Citizenship Studies, 16, 119–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, V. (2002). The futures of European capitalism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, V. (2008). Discursive institutionalism: The explanatory power of ideas and discourse. Annual Review of Political Science, 11, 303–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, V. (2010). Taking ideas and discourse seriously: Explaining change through discursive institutionalism as the fourth new institutionalism. European Political Science Review, 2(1), 1–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shin, G. W. (2005). Asianism and Korea’s politics of identity. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 6(4), 616–630.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shin, G. W. (2006). Ethnic nationalism in Korea: Genealogy, politics, and legacy. In Y. N. Soysal (2007) (Ed.), Limits of citizenship: Migrants and postnational membership in Europe, 3rd edition. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shin, G. W., Freda, J., & Yi, G. (1999). The politics of ethnic nationalism in Korea. Nations and Nationalism, 5(4), 465–484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suh, B. K. (2002). Debate on participation rights of foreigners in Japan. Public Law Research, 30(5), 171–188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waldrauch, H. (2003). Electoral rights for foreign nationals: A comparative overview. Paper prepared for the ESF/LESC-SCSS exploratory workshop: Citizens, non-citizens and voting rights in Europe.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luicy Pedroza .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pedroza, L., Mosler, H.B. (2018). Citizenship and Migration in South Korea. In the Forefront of Democracies?. In: Kim, Y. (eds) Korea’s Quest for Economic Democratization. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57066-2_9

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics