Abstract
Structures with mechanical joints are difficult to model accurately; even when the natural frequencies of the system remain essentially constant, the damping introduced by the joints is often observed to depend nonlinearly on amplitude. Although models for individual joints have been employed with some success, the modeling of a structure with many joints remains a significant obstacle. This chapter explores whether nonlinear damping can be applied in a modal framework, where instead of modeling each discrete joint within a structure, a nonlinear damping model is used for each mode of interest. This approach assumes that the mode shapes of the structure do not change significantly with amplitude and that there is negligible coupling between modes. The nonlinear Iwan joint model has had success in modeling the nonlinear damping of individual joints and is used as a modal damping model in this work. The proposed methodology is first evaluated by simulating a structure with a small number of discrete Iwan joints (bolted joints) in a finite element code. A modal Iwan model is fit to simulated measurements from this structure and the accuracy of the modal model is assessed. The same methodology is then applied to actual experimental hardware with a similar configuration. The proposed approach seems to capture the response of the system quite well in both cases, especially at up to moderate force levels when macroslip does not occur.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
M.S. Allen, R.L. Mayes, Estimating degree of nonlinearity in transient responses with zeroed early-time fast Fourier transforms. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 24, 2049–2064 (2010)
S. Braun, M. Feldman, Decomposition of non-stationary signals into varying time scales: some aspects of the EMD and HVD methods. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 25, 2608–2630 (2011)
R.D. Cook et al., Concepts and Applications of Finite Element Analysis (Wiley, New York, 2002)
B. Deaner, Modeling the nonlinear damping of jointed structures using modal models. Masters Dissertation. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 2013
B.J. Deaner et al., Application of viscous and Iwan modal damping models to experimental measurements from bolted structures. ASME J. Vib. Acoust. 137, 021012 (2015)
S.M. Dickinson, On the use of simply supported plate functions in Raleigh’s method applied to the flexural vibration of rectangular plates. J. Sound Vib. 59, 143–146 (1978)
H.C. Edwards, Sierra framework version 3: core services theory and design. SAND2002-3616, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM (2002)
M. Eriten et al., Nonlinear system identification of frictional effects in a beam with a bolted joint connection. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 39, 245–264 (2013)
M. Feldman, Non-linear system vibration analysis using Hilbert transform – I. Free vibration analysis method ‘Freevib’. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 8, 119–127 (1994)
M. Feldman, Hilbert transform in vibration analysis. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 25, 735–802 (2011)
L.E. Goodman, Structural damping, in A Review of Progress in Analysis of Interfacial Slip Damping, ed. by J.E. Ruzicka (ASME, New York, 1959), pp. 36–48
M.A. Guthrie, Application of the modal Iwan damping approach to a beam damping system. Technical Report SAND2012-3178P, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM (2012)
D.D. Quinn, D.J. Segalman, Using series-series Iwan-type models for understanding joint dynamics. ASME J. Appl. Mech. 72, 778–784 (2005)
D.R. Roettgen, M.S. Allen, Nonlinear characterization of a bolted, industrial structure using a modal framework. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 84, 152–170 (2017)
D.R. Roettgen et al., Feasibility of describing joint nonlinearity in exhaust components with modal Iwan models, in ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences IDETC/CIE, Buffalo, NY, 2014
D.J. Segalman, An initial overview of Iwan modeling for mechanical joints. Technical Report SAND2001-0811, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM (2001)
D.J. Segalman, A four-parameter Iwan model for lap-type joints. ASME J. Appl. Mech. 72, 752–760 (2005)
D.J. Segalman, A modal approach to modeling spatially distributed vibration energy dissipation. Technical Report SAND2010-4763, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM (2010)
D.J. Segalman, W. Holzmann, Nonlinear response of a lap-type joints using a whole-interface model, in 23rd International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC XXIII), Orlando, FL, 2005
D.J. Segalman, M.J. Starr, Relationships among certain joint constitutive models. Technical Report SAND2004-4321, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM (2004)
D.J. Segalman, M.J. Starr, Iwan models and their provenance, in ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences IDETC/CIE, Chicago, IL, 2012
D.J. Segalman et al., Experimental assessment of joint-like modal models for structures, in ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences IDETC/CIE, Boston, MA, 2015
J.-J.E., Slotine, W. Li, Applied Nonlinear Control (Prentice Hall, Rio de Janeiro, 1991)
D.O. Smallwood, D.L. Gregory, R.G. Coleman, Damping investigations of a simplified frictional shear joint, in 71st Shock and Vibration Symposium, Arlington, VA, 2000
Y. Song et al., Effect of pressure distribution on energy dissipation in a mechanical lap joint. AIAA J. 43, 420–425 (2005)
M.W. Sracic, M.S. Allen, H. Sumali, Identifying the modal properties of nonlinear structures using measured free response time histories from a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer, in 30th International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC XXX), Jacksonville, FL, 2012
H. Sumali, R.A. Kellogg, Calculating damping from ring-down using Hilbert transform and curve fitting, in 4th International Operational Modal Analysis Conference, Istanbul, 2011
Q. Zhang, R.J. Allemang, D.L. Brown, Modal filter: concept and application, in 8th International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC VIII), Kissimmee, FL, 1990
Acknowledgements
This work was conducted, in part, at Sandia National Laboratories. Sandia is a multi-mission laboratory operated under Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94-AL85000. The authors would especially like to thank Michael Guthrie for a helpful discussion regarding the simulation work. They are also indebted to Jill Blecke, Hartono Sumali, Randall Mayes, Brandon Zwink, and Patrick Hunter for the help that they provided with the laboratory setup and testing of the beam structure.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Allen, M.S., Deaner, B.J., Segalman, D.J. (2018). Modal Iwan Models for Structures with Bolted Joints. In: Brake, M. (eds) The Mechanics of Jointed Structures. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56818-8_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56818-8_17
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-56816-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-56818-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)