Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

State of Knowledge on Green Concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Cement Replacement

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Recent Advances on Green Concrete for Structural Purposes

Part of the book series: Research for Development ((REDE))

Abstract

Since the construction industry is characterized by a huge demand for both energy and raw materials, it is fully concerned by the need for enhancing sustainability, which is certainly the main challenge for all industrial sectors in the twenty-first century. Therefore, several solutions are nowadays under investigation to reduce the environmental impact of concrete production. They often consist of partially replacing the ordinary concrete constituents with recycled ones, in view of the objective of reducing both the demand of raw materials and the amount of waste to be disposed in landfills. The most recent advances in this field are summarized in this chapter, which is intended at drawing the line of the current state of knowledge on “sustainable” structural concrete.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • ACI 555R-01 (2001) Removal and reuse of hardened concrete. American Concrete Institute

    Google Scholar 

  • ACI E-701 (2007) Aggregates for concrete. ACI Education Bulletin E1-07, Materials for Concrete Construction

    Google Scholar 

  • Adaway M, Wang Y (2015) Recycled glass as a partial replacement for fine aggregate in structural concrete-effects on compressive strength. Special issue: Electron J Struct Eng 14(1). Available online at http://www.ejse.org/Archives/Fulltext/2015-1/2015-1-11.pdf. Accessed on 1 Sept 2015

  • Agrela F, Sánchez de Juan M, Ayuso J, Geraldes VL, Jiménez JR (2011) Limiting properties in the characterisation of mixed recycled aggregates for use in the manufacture of concrete. Constr Build Mater 25(10):3950–3955

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alves AV, Vieira TF, de Brito J, Correia R (2014) Mechanical properties of structural concrete with fine recycled ceramic aggregates. Constr Build Mater 64:103–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Angulo SC, Carrijo PM, Figueiredo AD, Chaves AP, John VM (2010) On the classification of mixed construction and demolition waste aggregate by porosity and its impact on the mechanical performance of concrete. Mater Struct 43(4):519–528

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azenha MAD (2009) Numerical simulation of the structural behaviour of concrete since its early ages. Ph.D. thesis. Faculty of Engineering of University of Porto

    Google Scholar 

  • Behera M, Bhattacharyya SK, Minocha AK, Deoliya R, Maiti S (2014) Recycled aggregate from C&D waste & its use in concrete—a breakthrough towards sustainability in construction sector: a review. Constr Build Mater 68:501–516

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Braymand S, François P, Feugeas F, Fond C (2015) Rheological properties of recycled aggregate concrete using superplasticizers. J Civil Eng Archit 9(2015):591–597

    Google Scholar 

  • BS 8500-2 (2006) Concrete. Complementary British Standard to BS EN 206-1. Specification for constituent materials and concrete. British Standards Institution, London, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Bullard JW, Jennings HM, Livingston RA, Nonat A, Scherer GW, Schweitzer JS, Scrivener KL, Thomas JJ (2011) Mechanisms of cement hydration. Cem Concr Res 41(12):1208–1223

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler LJ, West JS, Tighe SL (2014) Towards the classification of recycled concrete aggregates: influence of fundamental aggregate properties on recycled concrete performance. J Sustain Cem Based Mater 3(2):140–163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cartuxo F, de Brito J, Evangelista L, Jiménez JR, Ledesma EF (2015) Rheological behaviour of concrete made with fine recycled concrete aggregates—influence of the superplasticizer. Constr Build Mater 89:36–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CCAA (2007) Use of recycled water in concrete production, cement concrete & aggregates Australia. Available online at http://www.ccaa.com.au. Accessed on 1 Sept 2015

  • CCAA (2008) Use of recycled aggregates in construction. Cement Concrete Aggregates Australia

    Google Scholar 

  • CEN (2005) Eurocode 2, Design of concrete structures, part 1–1: General rules and rules for buildings, EN 1992-1-1. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, BE

    Google Scholar 

  • CEN (2009) EN 12350-2:2009 Testing fresh concrete. Slump-test. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, BE

    Google Scholar 

  • CEN (2013) EN 12620:2013 Aggregates for concrete. European Committee for Standardization, Brussels, BE

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen Y, Wang KJ, Liang D (2012) Mechanical properties of pervious cement concrete. J Cent South Univ 19(11):3329–3334

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coelho A, de Brito J (2013a) Economic viability analysis of a construction and demolition waste recycling plant in Portugal—part I: location, materials, technology and economic analysis. J Clean Prod 39:338–352

    Google Scholar 

  • Coelho A, de Brito J (2013b) Economic viability analysis of a construction and demolition waste recycling plant in Portugal—part II: economic sensitivity analysis. J Clean Prod 39:329–337

    Google Scholar 

  • Coelho A, de Brito J (2013c) Environmental analysis of a construction and demolition waste recycling plant in Portugal—Part I: Energy consumption and CO2 emissions. Waste Manage 33(5):1258–1267

    Google Scholar 

  • Coelho A, de Brito J (2013d) Environmental analysis of a construction and demolition waste recycling plant in Portugal—Part II: Environmental sensitivity analysis. Waste Manage 33(1):147–161

    Google Scholar 

  • Corinaldesi V (2010) Mechanical and elastic behaviour of concretes made of recycled concrete coarse aggregates. Constr Build Mater 24:1616–1620

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corinaldesi V (2012) Environmentally-friendly bedding mortars for repair of historical buildings. Constr Build Mater 35:778–784

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corinaldesi V, Moriconi G (2009a) Behaviour of cementitious mortars containing different kinds of recycled aggregate. Construction and Building Materials 23(1):289–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corinaldesi V, Moriconi G (2009b) Influence of mineral additions on the performance of 100% recycled aggregate concrete. Constr Build Mater 23(8):2869–2876

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corinaldesi V, Moriconi G, Naik TR (2010) Characterization of marble powder for its use in mortar and concrete. Constr Build Mater 24(1):113–117

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Corinaldesi V, Letelier V, Moriconi G (2011) Behaviour of beam–column joints made of recycled-aggregate concrete under cyclic loading. Constr Build Mater 25(2011):1877–1882

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CSIRO (2002) Guide to the use of recycled concrete and masonry materials (HB 155). Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Standards Australia

    Google Scholar 

  • DAfStb (1998) Guideline of the German committee for reinforced concrete. Deutscher Ausschuss für Stahlbeton, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  • de Brito J, Alves F (2010) Concrete with recycled aggregates: the Portuguese experimental research. Mater Struct 43(1):35–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Brito J, Saikia N (2013) Recycled aggregate in concrete—use of industrial, construction and demolition waste. Springer London, p 445

    Google Scholar 

  • Debieb F, Courard L, Kenai S, Degeimbre R (2010) Mechanical and durability properties of concrete using contaminated recycled aggregates. Cement Concr Compos 32(6):421–426

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dilbas H, Şimşek M, Çakır Ö (2014) An investigation on mechanical and physical properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) with and without silica fume. Constr Build Mater 55:29–37

    Google Scholar 

  • DIN 4226-100 (2002) Aggregates for concrete and mortar—Part 100: Recycled aggregates. Deutsches Institut für Normung, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  • Domingo A, Lázaro C, Gayarre FL, Serrano MA, López-Colina C (2010) Long term deformations by creep and shrinkage in recycled aggregate concrete. Mater Struct 43(8):1147–1160

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duan ZH, Poon CS (2014) Properties of recycled aggregate concrete made with recycled aggregates with different amounts of old adhered mortars. Mater Des 58:19–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • EHE-08 (2008) Code on structural concrete, permanent commission of the concrete. Spanish Ministry of Public Works, Madrid, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  • Evangelista L, de Brito J (2010) Durability performance of concrete made with fine recycled concrete aggregates. Cement Concr Compos 32(1):9–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evangelista L, Guedes M, de Brito J, Ferro AC, Pereira MF (2015) Physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of fine recycled aggregates made from concrete waste. Constr Build Mater 86:178–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fairbairn EM, Americano BB, Cordeiro GC, Paula TP, Toledo Filho RD, Silvoso MM (2010) Cement replacement by sugar cane bagasse ash: CO2 emissions reduction and potential for carbon credits. J Environ Manage 91(9):1864–1871

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fathifazl G, Razaqpur AG (2013) Creep rheological models for recycled aggregate concrete. ACI Mater J 110(2):115–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Fathifazl G, Abbas A, Razaqpur AG, Isgor OB, Fournier B, Foo S (2009) New mix design method for recycled aggregate concrete. J Mater Civ Eng ASCE 21(10):601–611

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fathifazl G, Razaqpur AG, Isgor OB, Abbas A, Fournier B, Foo S (2010) Proportioning concrete mixtures with recycled concrete aggregate: a novel method. Int Mag ACI 32(3):37–43

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferrari G, Miyamoto M, Ferrari A (2014) New sustainable technology for recycling returned concrete. Constr Build Mater 67:353–359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • fib (2013) Model code for concrete structures 2010. Fédération international du beton. Ernst Sohn Verlag, Berlin, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  • Folino P, Xargay H (2014) Recycled aggregate concrete—mechanical behavior under uniaxial and triaxial compression. Constr Build Mater 56:21–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fonseca N, de Brito J, Evangelista L (2011) The influence of curing conditions on the mechanical performance of concrete made with recycled concrete waste. Cement Concr Compos 33(6):637–643

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • García-González J, Rodríguez-Robles D, Juan-Valdés A, Morán-del Pozo JM, Guerra-Romero MI (2014) Pre-saturation technique of the recycled aggregates: solution to the water absorption drawback in the recycled concrete manufacture. Materials 7:6224–6236

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghassan AH, Hilmi BM (2010) Study on properties of rice husk ash and its use as cement replacement material. Mater Res 13(2):185–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Gomes M, de Brito J (2009) Structural concrete with incorporation of coarse recycled concrete and ceramic aggregates: durability performance. Mater Struct 42(5):663–675

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalez A, Etxeberria M (2014) Experimental analysis of properties of high performance recycled aggregate concrete. Constr Build Mater 52:227–235

    Google Scholar 

  • González-Fonteboa B, Martínez-Abella F, Carro López D, Seara-Paz S (2011) Stress–strain relationship in axial compression for concrete using recycled saturated coarse aggregate. Constr Build Mater 25(5):2335–2342

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • González-Fonteboa B, Martínez-Abella F, Herrador MF, Seara-Paz S (2012) Structural recycled concrete: behaviour under low loading rate. Constr Build Mater 28:111–116

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Güneyisi E, Gesoğlu M, Kareem Q, İpek S (2016) Effect of different substitution of natural aggregate by recycled aggregate on performance characteristics of pervious concrete. Mater Struct 49(1–2):521–536

    Google Scholar 

  • Gursel AP, Masanet E, Horvath A, Stadel A (2014) Life-cycle inventory analysis of concrete production: a critical review. Cement Concrete Comp 51:38–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen TC (1986a) Physical structure of hardened cement paste. A classical approach. Mater Struct 19(6):423–436

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen TC (1986b) Recycled aggregates and recycled aggregate concrete second state-of-the-art report developments 1945–1985. Mater Struct 19(3):201–246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen TC, Narud H (1983) Strength of recycled concrete made from crushed concrete coarse aggregate. ACI Concr Int 5(1):79–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Hendriks CF, Janssen GMT, Vázquez E (2005) Use of recycled materials—final report of RILEM TC 198-URM, RILEM Publications SARL

    Google Scholar 

  • HKBD (2004) Code of practice for demolition of buildings. Hong Kong Buildings Department

    Google Scholar 

  • HKBD (2009) Use of recycled aggregates in concrete. Hong Kong Buildings Department

    Google Scholar 

  • Juenger MCG, Winnefeld F, Provis JL, Ideker JH (2011) Advances in alternative cementitious binders. Cement Concr Res 41:1232–1243

    Google Scholar 

  • Kencanawati NN, Iizasa S, Shigeishi M (2013) Fracture process and reliability of concrete made from high grade recycled aggregate using acoustic emission technique under compression. Mater Struct 46(9):1441–1448

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kien TT, Thanh LT, Lu PV (2013) Recycling construction demolition waste in the world and in Vietnam. In: The international conference on sustainable built environment for now and the future, Hanoi (VN), 26–27 Mar 2013, pp 247–256

    Google Scholar 

  • Koenders EA, Pepe M, Martinelli E (2014) Compressive strength and hydration processes of concrete with recycled aggregates. Cem Concr Res 56:203–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kou SC, Poon CS, Chan D (2008) Influence of fly ash as a cement addition on the hardened properties of recycled aggregate concrete. Mater Struct 41(7):1191–1201

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kreijger PC (1981). Classification of recycled aggregate, proposed in the Netherlands. In: Adhesion problems in the recycling of concrete. Springer US, pp 309–310

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuosa H (2012), Reuse of recycled aggregates and other C&D wastes, Project 72480—NeReMa: Report VTT-R-05984-12. Available online at http://www.vtt.fi/inf/julkaisut/muut/2012/VTT-R-05984-12.pdf. Accessed on 1 July 2015

  • Lam CHK, Ip AWM, Barford JP, McKay G (2010) Use of incineration MSW ash: a review. Sustainability 2:1943–1968

    Google Scholar 

  • Leite MB, Figueire do Filho JGL, Lima PRL (2013) Workability study of concretes made with recycled mortar aggregate. Mater Struct 46:1765–1778

    Google Scholar 

  • Lima C, Caggiano A, Faella C, Martinelli E, Pepe M, Realfonzo R (2013) Physical properties and mechanical behaviour of concrete made with recycled aggregates and fly ash”. Constr Build Mater 47:547–559

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lollini F, Redaelli E, Bertolini L (2014) Effects of portland cement replacement with limestone on the properties of hardened concrete. Cement Concr Compos 46:32–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Lothenbach B, Scrivener K, Hooton RD (2011) Supplementary cementitious materials. Cem Concr Res 41(12):1244–1256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoud E, Ibrahim A, El-Chabib H, Patibandla VC (2013) Self-consolidating concrete incorporating high volume of fly ash, slag, and recycled asphalt pavement. Int J Concr Struct Mater 7(2):155–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Malesev M, Radonjanin V, Marincovic S (2010) Recycled concrete as aggregate for structural concrete production. Sustainability 2:1204–1225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mardani-Aghabaglou A, Tuyan M, Ramyar K (2015) Mechanical and durability performance of concrete incorporating fine recycled concrete and glass aggregates. Mater Struct 48(8):2629–2640

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martinelli E, Koenders EA, Caggiano A (2013) A numerical recipe for modelling hydration and heat flow in hardening concrete. Cement Concr Compos 40:48–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Mas B, Cladera A, del Olmo T, Pitarch F (2012) Influence of the amount of mixed recycled aggregates on the properties of concrete for non-structural use. Constr Build Mater 27(1):612–622

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNeil K, Kang THK (2013) Recycled concrete aggregates: a review. Int J Concr Struct Mater 7(1):61–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Medina C, Zhu W, Howind T, Sánchez de Rojas MI, Frías M (2014) Influence of mixed recycled aggregate on the physical e mechanical properties of recycled concrete. J Clean Prod 68:216–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moll S, Bringezu S, Schütz H, (2005) Resource use in European countries—material flows and resource management. Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy, Wuppertal, DE

    Google Scholar 

  • Moya JA, Pardo N, Mercier A (2010) Energy efficiency and CO2 emissions: prospective scenarios for the cement industry. JRC Scientific and Technical Report

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukharjee BB, Barai SV (2015) Influence of Nano-Silica on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete. Constr Build Mater 55:29–37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NF EN 206-1/CF (2012) Béton—Partie 1: spécification, performance, production et conformité—Complément national à la norme NF EN 206-1

    Google Scholar 

  • NTC (2008) DM 14.01. 2008: Norme Tecniche per le Costruzioni. Italian Ministry of Infrastructures and Transportation (in Italian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pacheco-Torgal F, Castro-Gomes J, Jalali S (2008) Alkali-activated binders: a review—part 1. Historical background, terminology, reaction mechanisms and hydration products. Constr Build Mater 22, 1305–1314

    Google Scholar 

  • Pacheco-Torgal F, Jalali S, Labrincha J, John VM (eds) (2013) Eco-efficient concrete. Woodhead publishing series in civil and structural engineering, 1st edn. Woodhead Publishing Limited, p 582

    Google Scholar 

  • Pedro D, de Brito J, Evangelista L (2014) Influence of the use of recycled concrete aggregates from different sources on structural concrete. Constr Build Mater 71:141–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pepe M (2015) A conceptual model for designing recycled aggregate concrete for structural applications. Springer theses series. Springer

    Google Scholar 

  • Pepe M, Koenders EAB, Faella C, Martinelli E (2014a) Structural concrete made with recycled aggregates: Hydration process and compressive strength models. Mech Res Commun 58:139–145

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pepe M, Toledo Filho RD, Koenders EAB, Martinelli E (2014b) Alternative processing procedures for recycled aggregates in structural concrete. Constr Build Mater 69:124–132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pereira P, Evangelista L, de Brito J (2012) The effect of superplasticisers on the workability and compressive strength of concrete made with fine recycled concrete aggregates. Constr Build Mater 28(1):722–729

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prince MJR, Singh B (2014a) Bond behaviour between recycled aggregate concrete and deformed steel bars. Mater Struct 47(3):503–516

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prince MJR, Singh B (2014b) Bond strength of deformed steel bars in high-strength recycled aggregate concrete. Mater Struct. doi:10.1617/s11527-014-0452-y

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajabipour F, Maraghechi H, Fischer G (2010) Investigating the Alkali-Silica reaction of recycled glass aggregates in concrete materials. J Mater Civ Eng 22(12):1201–1208

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rao MC, Bhattacharyya SK, Barai SV (2011) Influence of field recycled coarse aggregate on properties of concrete. Mater Struct 44(1):205–220

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Revathi R, Selvi RS, Velin SS (2013) Investigations on fresh and hardened properties of recycled aggregate self compacting concrete. J Inst Eng India Ser A 94(3):179–185

    Google Scholar 

  • RILEM (1994) Specifications for concrete with recycled aggregates, RILEM TC 121-DRG, RILEM Publications SARL

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-Robles D, García-González J, Juan-Valdés A, Morán-del Pozo MJ, Guerra-Romero MI (2014) Quality assessment of mixed and ceramic recycled aggregates from construction and demolition wastes in the concrete manufacture according to the Spanish standard. Materials 7:5843–5857

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safiuddin M, Alengaram UJ, Salam MA, Jumaat MZ, Jaafar FF, Saad HB (2011) Properties of high-workability concrete with recycled concrete aggregate. Mater Res 14(2):248–255

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sandrolini F, Franzoni E (2001) Waste wash water recycling in ready-mixed concrete plants. Cem Concr Res 31(3):485–489

    Google Scholar 

  • Seo TS, Lee MS (2015) Experimental study on tensile creep of coarse recycled aggregate concrete. Int J Concr Struct Mater 9(3):337–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shi C, Fernández Jiménez A, Palomo A (2011) New cements for the 21st century: the pursuit of an alternative to Portland cement. Cement Concr Res 41:750–763

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva RV, de Brito J, Dhir RK (2014) Properties and composition of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste suitable for concrete production. Constr Build Mater 65:201–217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silva RV, de Brito J, Neves R, Dhird R (2015a) Prediction of chloride ion penetration of recycled aggregate concrete. Mater Res 18(2):427–440

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silva RV, Neves R, de Brito J, Dhir RK (2015b) Carbonation behaviour of recycled aggregate concrete. Cement Concr Compos 62:22–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spaeth V, Tegguer AD (2013) Improvement of recycled concrete aggregate properties. Int J Sustain Built Environ 2:143–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sriravindrarajah R, Huai Wang ND, Wen Ervin LJ (2012) Mix design for pervious recycled aggregate concrete. Int J Concr Struct Mater 6(4):239–246

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tebaldi G, Dave E, Marsac P, Muraya P, Hugener M, Pasetto M, Graziani A, Grilli A, Marradi A, Wendling L, Gaudefroy V, Jenkins K, Loizos A, Bocci M (2012) Classication of recycled asphalt (RA) material. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Asphalt Pavement and Environment, 1–3 Oct 2012, in Fortaleza (BR). Available online at https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00849456/document. Accessed on 10 June 2015

  • Toledo Filho RD, Koenders EAB, Pepe M, Chagas Cordeiro G, Fairbairn E, Martinelli E (2013) Rio 2016 sustainable construction commitments lead to new developments in recycled aggregate concrete. Proc Inst Civ Eng Civ Eng 166(6), 28–35

    Google Scholar 

  • USDT (2004) Transportation applications of recycled concrete aggregate—FHWA state of the practice national review 2004; U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration: Washington, DC, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Van den Heede P, De Belie N (2012) Environmental impact and life cycle assessment (LCA) of traditional and ‘green’ concretes: Literature review and theoretical calculations. Cement Concr Compos 34(4):431–442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van VTA, Rößler C, Bui DD, Ludwig HM (2014) Rice husk ash as both pozzolanic admixture and internal curing agent in ultra-high performance concrete. Cement Concr Compos 53:270–278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ventura-Gouveia A (2011) Constitutive models for the material nonlinear analysis of concrete structures including time dependent effects. Ph.D. thesis. University of Minho

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang H, Wang J, Sun X, Jin W (2013) Improving performance of recycled aggregate concrete with superfine pozzolanic powders. J Cent South Univ 20:3715−3722

    Google Scholar 

  • Wardeh G, Ghorbel E, Gomart H (2015) Mix design and properties of recycled aggregate concretes: applicability of Eurocode 2. Int J Concr Struct Mater 9(1):1–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WCED (1987) Our common future. World Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford University Press, Oxford, p 43

    Google Scholar 

  • WRAP (2007) Performance related approach to use of recycled aggregates, aggregate research programme. Project code: AGG0074, Waste & Resources Action Programme. Available online at http://www.sustainableaggregates.com/library/docs/wrap/L0344_AGG0074_Dundee.pdf. Accessed on 1 Sept 2015

  • Wu Z, Yu ATW, Shen L, Liu G (2014) Quantifying construction and demolition waste: an analytical review. Waste Manag 34:1683–1692

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang J, Du Q, Bao Y (2011) Concrete with recycled concrete aggregate and crushed clay bricks. Constr Build Mater 25(4):1935–1945

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan F, Shen LY, Li QM (2011) Emergy analysis of the recycling options for construction and demolition waste. Waste Manage 31(12):2503–2511

    Google Scholar 

  • Yehia S, Helal K, Abusharkh A, Zaher A, Istaitiyeh H (2015) Strength and durability evaluation of recycled aggregate concrete. Int J Concr Struct Mater 9(2):219–239

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu JQ, Wu SP, Zhong JJ, Wang DM (2011) Classification of coarse recycled aggregate used in asphalt concrete. Appl Mech Mater 71–78:1025–1030

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy

    Enzo Martinelli & Marco Pepe

  2. TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

    Eduardus A.B. Koenders

Authors
  1. Enzo Martinelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Eduardus A.B. Koenders
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Marco Pepe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Enzo Martinelli .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minho, Ovar, Portugal

    Joaquim A.O. Barros

  2. Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy

    Liberato Ferrara

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy

    Enzo Martinelli

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Martinelli, E., Koenders, E.A., Pepe, M. (2017). State of Knowledge on Green Concrete with Recycled Aggregates and Cement Replacement. In: Barros, J., Ferrara, L., Martinelli, E. (eds) Recent Advances on Green Concrete for Structural Purposes. Research for Development. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56797-6_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56797-6_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-56795-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-56797-6

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation