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Polar Protein Exocytosis: Lessons from Plant Pollen Tube

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Abstract

Exocytosis is a highly regulated outward secretion process which participates in multiple cellular events including membrane modeling, cell polarization, cell wall formation, and cell signaling. Pollen tube is regarded as an ideal model plant cell system to study the machinery and regulation of exocytosis. Vigorous exocytic vesicle fusion with the apical plasma membrane supports the rapid and polarized pollen tube growth. However, the molecular identities and regulations of these exocytic vesicles still remain largely unexplored. Recent discoveries of various exocytic markers and regulatory proteins of exocytic pathway have advanced this research field rapidly. Here, we review and summarize the recent development and progress of protein exocytic trafficking and regulation in pollen tube, with emphasize on the pertinent questions for future understanding the functional roles of exocytosis in cell polarization and polar cell wall formation.

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Abbreviations

CCP:

Clathrin coated pits

EXPO:

Exocyst-positive organelle

FRAP:

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching

GDSV:

Golgi-derived secretory vesicles

HPF:

High-pressure freezing and substitution

PCV:

Pre-vacuolar compartment

PM:

Plasma membrane

PME:

Pectin methylesterase

RLK:

Receptor-like kinase

ROP:

GTPase termed Rho of plant

SCAMP:

Secretory carrier membrane protein

STORM:

Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy

TEM:

Transmission electron microscopy

TGN:

trans-Golgi network

UPS:

Unconventional protein secretion

VAEM:

Variable-angle epifluorescence microscopy

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Acknowledgments

Faqiang Li (South China Agricultural University) is acknowledged for helpful discussions. This work was supported by grants from Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 31570001) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (2016A030313401), to H.W. This work was also supported by grants from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (CUHK466011, 465112, 466613, CUHK2/CRF/11G, C4011-14R, HKUST10/CRF/12R, and AoE/M-05/12), NSFC/RGC (N_CUHK406/12), NSFC (31470294), and Croucher-CAS Joint Lab and Shenzhen Peacock Project (KQTD201101) to L.J.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China

    Hao Wang

  2. School of Life Sciences, Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China

    Liwen Jiang

  3. CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China

    Liwen Jiang

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Correspondence to Hao Wang or Liwen Jiang .

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  1. Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria

    Gerhard Obermeyer

  2. Cell Biology Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA

    José Feijó

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Wang, H., Jiang, L. (2017). Polar Protein Exocytosis: Lessons from Plant Pollen Tube. In: Obermeyer, G., Feijó, J. (eds) Pollen Tip Growth. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56645-0_6

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