Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) appear to be interrelated, although they are distinct entities. Women with PCOS are commonly affected by GDM while even women with GDM may show reproductive or endocrine features of PCOS. These commonalities on clinical grounds seem to be attributed, at least partly, to an interrelated pathophysiological background which is linked with insulin resistance. Both PCOS and GDM are conditions with a metabolic impact on the reproductive period of a woman's life and with potential adverse effects on their offsprings. Many of the long-term consequences are overlapping for the two entities and the cornerstone of the therapeutic approach for both GDM and PCOS is life-style modification. This review presents the links between PCOS and GDM in epidemiology, pathophysiology, short- and long-term consequences for the mother and the offspring as well as the common treatment modalities.
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Abbreviations
- ADA:
-
American diabetes association
- AE:
-
Androgen excess
- AGEs:
-
Advanced glycation end products
- ASRM:
-
American society for reproductive medicine
- BMI:
-
Body mass index
- BPA:
-
Bisphenol A
- CS:
-
Caesarean section
- DHEAS:
-
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate
- DIP:
-
Diabetes in pregnancy
- EASD:
-
European association for the study of diabetes
- ESHRE:
-
European society of human reproduction and embryology
- FSH:
-
Follicle-stimulating hormone
- GDM:
-
Gestational diabetes mellitus
- GnRH:
-
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
- HAPO:
-
Hyperglycemia and adverse pregnancy outcome
- hPL:
-
Human placental lactogen
- IADPSG:
-
International association of the diabetes and pregnancy study groups
- ICAM:
-
Intercellular adhesion molecule
- IFNγ:
-
Interferon gamma
- IL-6:
-
Interleucin-6
- IOM:
-
Institute of medicine
- Kcal:
-
Kilocalories
- Kg:
-
Kilos
- LH:
-
Luteinizing hormone
- LGA:
-
Large for gestational age
- MiG:
-
Metformin in gestation (trial)
- Min:
-
Minutes
- NAFLD:
-
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NICU:
-
Neonatal intensive care unit
- NIH:
-
National Institute of Health
- OGTT:
-
Oral glucose tolerance test
- PCOS:
-
Polycystic ovary syndrome
- PE:
-
Preeclampsia
- RCT:
-
Randomized controlled trial
- SHBG:
-
Sex-hormone binding globulin
- TNF:
-
Tumour necrosis factor
- VCAM:
-
Vascular cell adhesion molecule
- WHO:
-
World health association
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Trouva, A., Diamanti Kandarakis, E. (2018). Links Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. In: Rajendram, R., Preedy, V., Patel, V. (eds) Nutrition and Diet in Maternal Diabetes. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56440-1_16
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