Abstract
The term stereotactic implies that the target is localized relative to a fixed three-dimensional spatial coordinate system. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is defined as giving a high dose of radiation per fraction, in up to five fractions, using sophisticated image guidance to deliver a potent ablative dose to cancerous tissues while minimizing the risk to normal structures. The alpha-beta ratios for the rectum and bladder, both of which are late-responding tissues, are 2.5–5 Gy and 3–7 Gy, respectively. This unique biologic nature of prostate cancer explains the therapeutic gain with hypofractionation. These radiobiologic assumptions were supported by prospective randomized trials that used 2.5–3.1 Gy per fraction.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Coutard H. Roentgentherapy of epitheliomas of the tonsillar region, hypopharynx, and larynx from 1920 to 1926. Am J Roentgenol. 1932;28:313–31.
Withers HR. Biologic basis for altered fractionation schemes. Cancer. 1985;55:2086–95.
Fowler JF. The linear-quadratic formula and progress in fractionated radiotherapy. Br J Radiol. 1989;62:679–94.
Haustermans KM, Hofland I, Van Poppel H, et al. Cell kinetic measurements in prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1997;37:1067–70.
Brenner DJ, Hall EJ. Fractionation and protraction for radiotherapy of prostate carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999;43:1095–101.
Fowler JFCR, Ritter MA. Is a/b for prostate tumors really low? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2001;50:1021–31.
Brenner DJ, Martinez AA, Edmundson GK, et al. Direct evidence that prostate tumors show high sensitivity to fractionation (low alpha/beta ratio), similar to late-responding normal tissue. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2002;52:6–13.
Wang JZ, Guerrero M, Li XA. How low is the alpha/beta ratio for prostate cancer? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2003;55:194–203.
Kupelian PA, Willoughby TR, Reddy CA, et al. Hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy (70 Gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction) for localized prostate cancer: Cleveland Clinic experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;68:1424–30.
Yeoh EE, Botten RJ, Butters J, et al. Hypofractionated versus conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma: final results of phase III randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011;81:1271–8.
Arcangeli S, Strigari L, Gomellini S, et al. Updated results and patterns of failure in a randomized hypofractionation trial for high-risk prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;84:1172–8.
Solberg TD, Balter JM, Benedict SH, et al. Quality and safety considerations in stereotactic radiosurgery and stereotactic body radiation therapy: executive summary. Pract Radiat Oncol. 2012;2:2–9.
Xie Y, Djajaputra D, King CR, et al. Intrafractional motion of the prostate during hypofractionated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;72:236–46.
King CR, Lehmann J, Adler JR, Hai J. CyberKnife radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: rationale and technical feasibility. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2003;2:25–30.
Fuller DB, Naitoh J, Lee C, et al. Virtual HDR CyberKnife treatment for localized prostatic carcinoma: dosimetry comparison with HDR brachytherapy and preliminary clinical observations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008;70:1588–97.
Fukuda S, Seo Y, Shiomi H, et al. Dosimetry analyses comparing high-dose-rate brachytherapy, administered as monotherapy for localized prostate cancer, with stereotactic body radiation therapy simulated using CyberKnife. J Radiat Res. 2014;55:1114–21.
Kim DW, Straka C, Cho LC, Timmerman RD. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for prostate cancer: review of experience of a multicenter phase I/II dose-escalation study. Front Oncol. 2014;4:319.
Madsen BL, Hsi RA, Pham HT, et al. Stereotactic hypofractionated accurate radiotherapy of the prostate (SHARP), 33.5 Gy in five fractions for localized disease: first clinical trial results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007;67:1099–105.
Loblaw A, Cheung P, D’Alimonte L, et al. Prostate stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy using a standard linear accelerator: toxicity, biochemical, and pathological outcomes. Radiother Oncol. 2013;107:153–8.
Katz AJ, Kang J. Stereotactic body radiotherapy as treatment for organ confined low and intermediate-risk prostate carcinoma, a 7-year study. Front Oncol. 2014;4:240.
King CR, Freeman D, Kaplan I, et al. Stereotactic body radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: pooled analysis from a multi-institutional consortium of prospective phase II trials. Radiother Oncol. 2013;109:217–21.
King CR, Collins S, Fuller D, et al. Health-related quality of life after stereotactic body radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer: results from a multi-institutional consortium of prospective trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2013;87:939–45.
Ozyigit G, Hurmuz P, Akyol F. Comparison of two fractionation schemes in prostate cancer patients treated with robotic SBRT. Proceedings of ESTRO 36, Vienna, Austria, 5–9 May 2017.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Akyol, F., Yazici, G., Gultekin, M., Hurmuz, P., Sari, S.Y., Ozyigit, G. (2017). Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer. In: Ozyigit, G., Selek, U. (eds) Principles and Practice of Urooncology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56114-1_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56114-1_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-56113-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-56114-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)