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Vitamin D and Its Role in CKD and CAD: A Novel Therapeutic Target

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Cardio-Nephrology

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Abstract

Vitamin D is indispensable to human health and plays a critical role in the integration and regulation of multiple physiological and metabolic systems. Despite this, it is estimated 1 billion people worldwide are vitamin D deficient or insufficient. While the functions of vitamin D involving bone and mineral homeostasis have been extensively studied, emerging evidence has implicated vitamin D as an important mediator of nonclassical effects involving novel actions of vitamin D metabolites on cardiomyocytes and vascular cells, immune modulation, and cytoprotection. Experimental, clinical, and epidemiologic evidence implicates vitamin D deficiency as an important proponent in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal disease. This places vitamin D at a nodal point in our search for novel therapies beyond a mere epiphenomenon, whereby vitamin D status is reflective only as a secondary effect or a single surrogate marker. Randomized trials that examine cardiovascular and renal endpoints are urgently needed to provide the needed evidence to help guide future therapeutic strategies. This chapter considers the vitamin D hormonal system in the context of its regulation, deficiency, supplementation, and therapeutic use in the management of cardiovascular and renal disease.

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Acknowledgements

Ravi Thadhani consults for Fresenius Medical Care North America and is funded by NIH Grants NIH K24 DK094872 and NIDDK R01 DK094486. T.F.H. is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) award to the Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and by NIHR Grant 14/49/147. K.L received an Early Clinical Investigator (ECI) grant from the Medical Research Foundation of Oregon.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB-1008C, Boston, MA, 02114, USA

    Kenneth Lim & Ravi Thadhani

  2. Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, University of Cambridge, Box 401, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Hills Road, CB2 0QQ, Cambridge, UK

    Thomas F Hiemstra

Authors
  1. Kenneth Lim
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  2. Thomas F Hiemstra
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  3. Ravi Thadhani
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Correspondence to Ravi Thadhani .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Einstein Medical Center, Sidney Kimmel College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

    Janani Rangaswami

  2. Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

    Edgar V. Lerma

  3. Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation, International Renal Research Institute, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy

    Claudio Ronco

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Lim, K., Hiemstra, T.F., Thadhani, R. (2017). Vitamin D and Its Role in CKD and CAD: A Novel Therapeutic Target. In: Rangaswami, J., Lerma, E., Ronco, C. (eds) Cardio-Nephrology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56042-7_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56042-7_9

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-56040-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-56042-7

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