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Malignant Skin and Soft Tissue Tumors

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Pediatric and Adolescent Plastic Surgery for the Clinician

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Abstract

Malignant skin and soft tissue tumors are rare in pediatric population. Rhabdomyosarcoma, infantile fibrosarcoma, synovial soft tissue sarcoma, and lymphoma are the most common malignancies, while fibromatoses, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and vascular tumors (kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and tufted angioma) present most common semi-malignant tumors seen in pediatric population. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common of the pediatric soft tissue sarcoma, mostly located in head and neck region. Infantile fibrosarcoma is the second most common childhood sarcoma involving the skin, with surgical removal as primary component of the treatment. Teratoma is rarely localized in head and neck region, and for this localization antenatal diagnosis is crucial, in order to secure the airway during the delivery. Hodgkin lymphoma is presented in most cases with asymptomatic cervical adenopathy. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is characterized by high rates of local recurrence and low risk of metastasis. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (histiocytosis X) ranges from clinically very limited cutaneous disease to severe multisystem disease with clonal accumulations of Langerhans cells. Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor, primary cutaneous neuroblastoma, congenital leukemia, and infantile myofibromatosis are rarely presented during childhood, with different clinical pictures, treatment options, and prognostic values.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Institute for Mother and Child Health Care of Republic Serbia, University of Belgrade, New Belgrade, Serbia

    Aleksandar M. Vlahovic

  2. Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria

    Emir Q. Haxhija

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  1. Aleksandar M. Vlahovic
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  2. Emir Q. Haxhija
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Vlahovic, A.M., Haxhija, E.Q. (2017). Malignant Skin and Soft Tissue Tumors. In: Pediatric and Adolescent Plastic Surgery for the Clinician. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56004-5_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56004-5_12

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-56003-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-56004-5

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