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Pancreas, Kidney and Skin Regeneration pp 107–123Cite as

Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and miRNAs in Diabetes

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Part of the book series: Stem Cells in Clinical Applications ((SCCA))

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease characterized by insufficient insulin secretion from β cells that usually leads to changes in glucose homeostasis. Autoimmune destruction of β cells in type 1 diabetes and reduced insulin sensitivity in type 2 contribute to diabetes and its complications. Approximately 364 million people are diagnosed with diabetes. Transplantation of whole pancreas or isolated islets could be a cure for diabetes. However, its limited by the scarcity of the donors. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cells have been used for tissue regeneration and opened new clinical avenues for treatment of diabetes mellitus. MSCs, the major stem cells for cell therapy, are therapeutic agent to treat diabetic complications, including diabetic cardiomyopathy diabetic retinopathy, diabetic polyneuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic wounds. Another important issue that is provided in this chapter are microRNAs and their important roles in diabetes. miRNAs are a class of small noncoding RNA that are involved in many physiological processes. Distinct modification in blood miRNAs profile is seen in both types of diabetes. So, measurements of the level of specific miRNAs may become useful approaches to identify individuals at risk for developing diabetes mellitus and its complications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute (IAARI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Arefeh Jafarian PhD

  2. Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    Masoud Soleimani PhD

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  1. Arefeh Jafarian PhD
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  2. Masoud Soleimani PhD
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Correspondence to Arefeh Jafarian PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Phuc Van Pham

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Jafarian, A., Soleimani, M. (2017). Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and miRNAs in Diabetes. In: Pham, P. (eds) Pancreas, Kidney and Skin Regeneration. Stem Cells in Clinical Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55687-1_5

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