Abstract
Thus far we did not pay too much attention to the fluorescence lifetime (Sect. 2.1). As the lifetime of the excited state is in the range of a few nanoseconds, and therefore not easy to capture by measurement devices, for a long time it was not a standard parameter that would be used to characterize fluorescence phenomena. This has changed in the last 20 years, and measurements based on fluorescence lifetime are found more frequently in the literature. In this chapter we discuss simple lifetime measurements and how we can benefit from these relationships in everyday microscopy.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Further Reading
Becquerel AE (1839) Mémoire sur les effets électriques produits sous l’influence des rayons solaires. Comptes Rendus 9:561–567 (Original publication on effects of light onto electrodes)
Borlinghaus RT, Young S (2007) Efficiency and speed—new paradigms in confocal data acquisition. Imaging Microsc 8(4):58–59 (Direct digitalization replaces charge amplifiers in confocal microscopes)
Einstein A (1905) Über einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gesichtspunkt. Annalen der Physik 322(6):132–148 (Original publication explaining the photoelectric effect)
Hallwachs WLF (1888) Ueber die Electrisierung von Metallplatten durch Bestrahlung mit electrischem Licht. Annalen der Physik 34:731–734 (Original publication on the Hallwachs-effect)
Hamamatsu Photonics KK (2007) Photomultiplier tubes—basics and applications. Edition 3a, 310 S (Detailed technical and general explanations of photomultiplier tubes)
Hertz HR (1887) Ueber den Einfluss des ultravioletten Lichtes auf die electrische Entladung. Annalen der Physik 267(8):983–1000 (Original publication on the photoelectric effect)
Planck M (1900) Ueber irreversible Strahlungsvorgänge. Annalen der Physik 1:69–122 (Original publication on energy distribution in spectra)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Borlinghaus, R.T. (2017). Separation in the Time Domain. In: The White Confocal. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55562-1_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55562-1_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-55561-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-55562-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)