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Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cardiovascular Medicine pp 307–326Cite as

Functional Role of Nox4 in Autophagy

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 982))

Abstract

Accumulating lines of evidence suggest that reactive oxygen species (ROS) may act as intracellular signaling molecules under cellular stress conditions, activating several molecular pathways. Autophagy, the intracellular mechanism by which cells digest and recycle unfolded proteins and dysfunctional organelles, is emerging as a major target of ROS and NADPH oxidase (Nox) enzymes, the major generators of ROS. While autophagy represents an important self-defense mechanism in promoting cell survival, it may be maladaptive in some conditions. In particular, in the cardiovascular system, moderate activation of autophagy has been shown to be protective, while excessive or insufficient activation of autophagy may be deleterious. Thus, modulating ROS-dependent autophagy may represent a novel strategy to keep autophagy within the therapeutic range. Among the Nox isoforms, Nox4 in particular plays a pivotal role in autophagy regulation. This appears to be due to its intracellular localization and its ability to produce hydrogen peroxide, a stable signaling molecule. In this chapter we review the studies relating to the functional role of Nox4 in autophagy, with particular emphasis on the heart and cardiovascular system.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy

    Maurizio Forte PhD, Giacomo Frati MD & Sebastiano Sciarretta MD, PhD

  2. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Corso della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, LT, Italy

    Silvia Palmerio MS, Giacomo Frati MD & Sebastiano Sciarretta MD, PhD

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA

    Derek Yee MD

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  1. Maurizio Forte PhD
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  2. Silvia Palmerio MS
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  3. Derek Yee MD
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  5. Sebastiano Sciarretta MD, PhD
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Correspondence to Sebastiano Sciarretta MD, PhD .

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  1. Dept. of Biomedical Advanced Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy

    Gaetano Santulli

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Forte, M., Palmerio, S., Yee, D., Frati, G., Sciarretta, S. (2017). Functional Role of Nox4 in Autophagy. In: Santulli, G. (eds) Mitochondrial Dynamics in Cardiovascular Medicine. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 982. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_16

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