Skip to main content

Aesthetic Experts’ Approaches

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
  • 606 Accesses

Abstract

Landscape professionals are accustomed to evaluation of landscape on behalf of society. They may do so descriptively in terms of landscape’s characteristics or of design principles, or numerically, as an overall impression or by assessing its components. For several reasons, cardinal numbers are needed. Despite formalisation, subjectivity of judgement remains. Landscape professionals have shifted from an elitist context to a paternalist perspective, then have tried to take on the viewpoints of a wider society, while still maintaining creativity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Appleton, J. (1975). The Experience of landscape. London: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, S., Herlin, I. S., & Stiles, R. (Eds.). (2012). Exploring the boundaries of landscape architecture. Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowring, J. (2013). Navigating the global, the regional and the local. In P. Howard, I. Thompson, & E. Waterton (Eds.), The Routledge companion to landscape studies (pp. 263–271). Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briggs, D. J., & France, J. (1980). Landscape evaluation: A comparative study. Journal of Environmental Management, 10, 263–275.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bromley, P. (1981). The role of the public in landscape decisions: A case study in the Peak District National Park. Landscape Research, 6(1), 2–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brook, I. (2013). Aesthetic appreciation of landscape. In P. Howard, I. Thompson, & E. Waterton (Eds.), The Routledge companion to landscape studies (pp. 108–118). Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, A. A. (1977). On the possibility of quantifying scenic beauty. Landscape Planning, 4, 131–172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, A. A. (1984). On the possibility of quantifying scenic beauty—a response to Ribe. Landscape Planning, 11, 49–65.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Countryside Commission (1987). Landscape assessment—a Countryside Commission approach. Cheltenham: Countryside Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Countryside Commission. (1994). The new map of England. Countryside Commission Publications, 444 and 445.

    Google Scholar 

  • Daniel, T. C. (2001). Whither scenic beauty? Visual landscape quality assessment in the 21st century. Landscape and Urban Planning, 54, 267–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • European Landscape Convention. (2000). European treaty series 176. Florence: Council of Europe.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fines, K. D. (1968). Landscape evaluation: A research project in East Sussex. Regional Studies, 2, 41–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howard, P. (1992). Editorial: Weighting landscapes, weighting people. Landscape Research, 17(3), 97–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (1982). The use of land classification in resource assessment and rural planning. Grange-over-Sands: I.T.E.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jellicoe, G. A. (1966). Studies in landscape design. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, P. (1993). Cathedrals of England, Scotland and Wales. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jormakka, K. (2012). Theoretical landscapes. In S. Bell, I. S. Herlin, & R. Stiles (Eds.), Exploring the boundaries of landscape architecture (pp. 15–40). Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaplan, R., & Kaplan, S. (1989). The experience of nature: A psychological perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kent, R. L. (1993). Attributes, features and reasons for enjoyment of scenic routes: A comparison of experts, residents, and citizens. Landscape Research, 18(2), 92–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, T. R. (2001). Perceptions, attitudes and preferences in forests and woodlands. Forestry Commission Technical Paper 18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leopold, A. (1949). A Sand County almanac. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linton, D. L. (1968). The assessment of scenery as a natural resource. Scottish Geographical Magazine, 84, 218–238.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lothian, A. (1999). Landscape and the philosophy of aesthetics: Is landscape quality inherent in the landscape or in the eye of the beholder? Landscape and Urban Planning, 44, 177–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, O. W. R. (1991). The design of forest landscapes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • McHarg, I. (1969). Design with nature. New York: Natural History Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nadenicek, D. J. (1997). The poetry of landscape ecology: An historical perspective. Landscape and Urban Planning, 37, 123–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Riordan, T. (1981). Environmentalism (2nd ed.). London: Pion.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parsons, R., & Daniel, T. C. (2002). Good looking: In defense of scenic landscape aesthetics. Landscape and Urban Planning, 60, 43–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penning-Rowsell, E. C. (1989). Landscape evaluation in practice: A survey of local authorities. Landscape Research, 14(2), 35–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penning-Rowsell, E. C., & Hardy, D. I. (1973). Landscape evaluation and planning policy: A comparative study in the Wye Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Regional Studies, 7, 152–160.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Powell, M. (1981). Landscape evaluation and the quest for objectivity. Landscape Research, 6(2), 16–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Price, U. (1810). Essays on the Picturesque, as compared with the Sublime and the Beautiful; and, on the Use of Studying Pictures, for the purpose of Improving Real Landscape. London: Mawman.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, C. (1994). Literature review [of landscape valuation]. Landscape Research, 19(1), 38–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Price, C. (2013). Subjectivity and objectivity in landscape evaluation: An old topic revisited. In C. M. van der Heide & W. J. M. Heijman (Eds.), The economic value of landscapes (pp. 53–76). Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, C., & Thomas, A. Ll. (2001). Evaluating the impact of farm woodland on the landscape: A case of blending perspectives. In T. Sievänen, C. C. Konijnendijk, L. Langner, & K. Nilsson (Eds.), Forest and social services—The role of research (pp. 191–203). Vantaa: Finnish Forest Research Institute Research Paper 815.

    Google Scholar 

  • Real, E., Arce, C., & Sabucedo, J. M. (2000). Classification of landscapes using quantitative and categorical data, and prediction of their scenic beauty in North-western Spain. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 20, 355–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ribe, R. G. (1982). On the possibility of quantifying scenic beauty—A response. Landscape Planning, 9, 61–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roe, M., & Rowe, M. (2007). The community and the landscape professional. In J. F. Benson & M. Roe (Eds.), Landscape and Sustainability, (pp. 237–265). Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruskin, J. (1871). Fors Clavigera on Monsal Dale. Reproduced in http://www.literaryconnections.co.uk/resources/ruskin.html. Accessed 24 May 2017.

  • Schirpke, U., Tasser, E., & Tappeiner, U. (2013). Predicting scenic beauty of mountain regions. Landscape and Urban Planning, 111, 1–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shuttleworth, S. (1984). Consensus and the perception of landscape quality. Landscape Research, 9(1), 17–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swanwick, C., & Land Use Consultants. (2002). Landscape character assessment: Guidance for England and Scotland. Cheltenham and Edinburgh: Countryside Agency, Scottish Natural Heritage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, I. H. (2002). Ecology, community and delight: A trivalent approach to landscape education. Landscape and Urban Planning, 60, 81–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward Thompson, C. (2013). Landscape perception and environmental psychology. In P. Howard, I. Thompson, & E. Waterton (Eds.), The Routledge companion to landscape studies (pp. 25–42). Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodcock, D. M. (1984). A functionalist approach to landscape preference. Landscape Research, 9(2), 24–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wordsworth, W. (1835). A guide to the district of the Lakes (5th ed.). Kendal: Hudson and Nicholson.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang, B., Li, S., & Binder, C. (2016). A research frontier in landscape architecture: Landscape performance and assessment of social benefits. Landscape Research, 41, 314–329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Colin Price .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Price, C. (2017). Aesthetic Experts’ Approaches. In: Landscape Economics. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54873-9_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54873-9_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-54872-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-54873-9

  • eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics