Abstract
Intracranial vascular diseases are not common in children, but when suspected they should be fully investigated, monitored and treated. Headache can be the presenting symptom, and therefore, a full clinical history and examination should be obtained in all patients with headache and particularly in those with any red flags that may suggest a cerebrovascular disease (CVD).
The clinical features of headache in children with CVD are variable and may have specific characteristics related to increased intracranial pressure and intracranial bleeding or non-specific features mimicking primary headaches such as migraine- and tension-type headache.
With the advances of neuroimaging, the diagnosis of CVD is made relatively easy and many lesions are detected before producing symptoms.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Steinlin M. Cerebrovascular disorders in childhood. Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;112:1053–64.
Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. The International Classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia. 2013;33(9):629–808.
Ferro JM, Canhão P, Aguiar de Sousa D. Cerebral venous thrombosis. Presse Med. 2016; pii: S0755–4982(16)30313-X. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2016.10.007. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 27816347.
Musgrave KM, van Delft FW, Avery PJ, Clack RM, Chalmers EA, Qureshi A, Vora AJ, Biss TT. Cerebral sinovenous thrombosis in children and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia – a cohort study from the United Kingdom. Br J Haematol. 2016. doi: 10.1111/bjh.14231. [Epub ahead of print].
Sébire G, Tabarki B, Saunders DE, Leroy I, Liesner R, Saint-Martin C, Husson B, Williams AN, Wade A, Kirkham FJ. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in children: risk factors, presentation, diagnosis and outcome. Brain. 2005;128:477–89.
Gross BA, Storey A, Orbach DB, et al. Microsurgical treatment of arteriovenous malformations in pediatric patients: the Boston Children’s Hospital experience. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2015;15:71–7. doi:10.3171/2014.9.PEDS146.
Beez T, Stiger HJ, Hänggi D. Evolution of management of intracranial aneurysms in children: a systematic review of the modern literature. J Child Neurol. 2016;31(6):773–83.
Kraemer M, Lee S-L, Ayzenberg I, Schwitalla JC, Diehl RR, Berlit P, Bosche B, Katsarava Z, Obermann M. Headache in Caucasian patients with Moyamoya angiopathy – a systematic cohort study. Cephalalgia. 2016; pii: 0333102416643516.
Seol HJ, Wang K-C, Kim S-K, et al. Headache in pediatric Moyamoya disease: review of 204 consecutive cases. J Neurosurg. 2005;103(5 Suppl):439–42.
Al-Holou WN, O’Lynnger TM, Pandey AS, Gemmete JJ, Thompson BG, Muraszko KM, Garton HJL, Maher CO. Natural history and imaging prevalence of cavernous malformations in children and young adults. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2012;9:198–205.
Amato MC, Madureira JF, Oliveira RS. Intracranial cavernous malformation in children: a single-centered experience with 30 consecutive cases. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2013;71(4):220–8.
Wetzel-Strong SE, Detter MR, Marchuk DA. The pathobiology of vascular malformations: insights from human and model organism genetics. J Pathol. 2016; doi:10.1002/path.4844.
Guey S, Mawet J, Hervé D, Duering M, Godin O, Jouvent D, Opherk C, Alili N, Dichgans M, Chabriat H. Prevalence and characteristics of migraine in CADASIL. Cephalalgia. 2016;36(11):1038–47.
Benabu Y, Beland M, Ferguson N, Maranda B, Boucher RM. Genetically proven cerebral autosomal-dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) in a 3-year-old. Pediatr Radiol. 2013;43(9):1227–30.
Hartley J, Westmacott R, Decker J, Shroff M, Yoon G. Childhood-onset CADASIL: clinical, imaging, and neurocognitive features. J Child Neurol. 2010;25(5):623–7.
Abu-Arafeh I. Migraine with atypical aura: is there a role for cerebral perfusion studies? Dev Med Child Neurol. 2016;58:897–8.
Yatsuga S, Povalko N, Nishioka J, Katayama K, Kakimoto N, Matsuishi T, Kakuma T, Koga Y, Taro Matsuoka for MELAS Study Group in Japan. MELAS: a nationwide prospective cohort study of 96 patients in Japan. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012;1820:619–24.
Koga Y, Akita Y, Nishioka J, Yatsuga S, Povalko N, Tanabe Y, Fujimoto S, Matsuishi T. L-arginine improves the symptoms of stroke like episodes in MELAS. Neurology. 2005;64:710–2.
Yamamoto H, Natsume J, Kidokoro H, Ishihara N, Suzuki M, Tsuji T, Kubota T, Yamada A, Ozeki M, Kato Z, Kawamura Y, Yoshikawa T, Okumura A, Ando N, Saitoh S, Takahashi Y, Watanabe K, Kojima S. Clinical and neuroimaging findings in children with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2015;19:672–8.
Agarwal A, Kapur G, Altinok D. Childhood posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: magnetic resonance imaging findings with emphasis on increased leptomeningeal FLAIR signal. Neuroradiol J. 2015;28:638–43.
Chen SP, Fuh JL, Wang SJ, Chang FC, Lirng JF, Fang YC, Shia BC, Wu JC. Magnetic resonance angiography in reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndromes. Ann Neurol. 2010;67:648–56.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Abu-Arafeh, I., Mack, K. (2017). Headache: Comorbidity with Vascular Disorders. In: Guidetti, V., Arruda, M., Ozge, A. (eds) Headache and Comorbidities in Childhood and Adolescence. Headache. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54726-8_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54726-8_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-54725-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-54726-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)